Full spark authority in a highly boosted ethanol DISI prototype engine

An evaluation of combustion aspects with different compression ratios, fuel types and injection systems in a single-cylinder research engine

“…The above results corroborate what was demonstrated in the literature review, allowing a more detailed analysis of the combustion, which was significantly improved when ethanol was used. As shown in [15,26], an increase in the CR resulted in continuous fuel conversion efficiency gains for the E100. Once the knock occurrence was suppressed by the use of ethanol, there was no need to adopt conservative ignition and injection parameters, which resulted in optimum spark timing.…”

“…Thus, the GHG emissions are considerably reduced from a life cycle assessment in comparison with gasoline. Moreover, its higher octane rating, when compared to gasoline, allows the use of greater volumetric compression ratios [12,13], which in turn leads to an improved engine brake thermal efficiency and power output with fewer risk of knock problems [14][15][16]. Ethanol high latent heat of vaporization can also increase the density of the intake air by reducing its temperature, which improves the volumetric efficiency [17,18].…”

The misleading total replacement of internal combustion engines by electric motors and a study of the Brazilian ethanol importance for the sustainable future of mobility: a review

“…The ethanol from sugarcane, main Brazilian biofuel, is a renewable option for the future of national vehicle fleet. Its sustainability is noteworthy because it is, in principle, CO 2 neutral, since the carbon dioxide released to the atmosphere is absorbed by the regrowth of the sugarcane [20,35]. Thus, the replacement of fossil fuels for ethanol would eliminate the net CO 2 emissions along its entire cycle.…”

“…Thus, several technologies have been applied to produce ever more efficient engines, such as fuel direct injection [10][11][12], continuously variable valve timing [13,14], turbulent jet ignition [15], low-temperature dual-fuel combustion [16], unconventional cycles and downsizing strategies combined with the use of biofuels [17][18][19]. In this way, it is possible to produce compact turbocharged engines that have a compatible performance with much larger units and yet produce lower pollutant emissions, consuming less fuel [20].…”

Thermal management of an internal combustion engine focused on vehicle performance maximization: A numerical assessment

“…5,6 The lower friction and pumping losses, 7 characteristics of smaller propellers, coupled with the use of turbochargers for torque recovery, allow for comparable performance rates with larger displacement engines. 8 Additional fuel conversion efficiency gains may also be obtained through downspeeding, once reduced engine speeds lead to even lower friction losses. 9,10 A feature that allows smaller drivetrains to perform with continuous fuel conversion efficiency gains is their submission to high operating loads, hence greater intake boost pressures, which increase the air charge temperature (ACT) inside the combustion chamber.…”