Full‐State Synthesis of Electromagnetic Fields using High Efficiency Phase‐Only Metasurfaces

Wu, Jun; Wang, Zheng Xing; Fang, Zu Qi; Liang, Jinxing; Fu, Xiaojian; Liu, Jun Feng; Wu, Hao; Bao, Dinghua; Miao, Long; Zhou, Xiao; Cheng, Qiang

doi:10.1002/adfm.202004144

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…[ 106 ] Metasurfaces can act as holographic masks (Figure 15a), because the arbitrarily shaped and sized deep‐subwavelength‐scale meta‐atoms can provide unprecedented flexibility in control over both phase and amplitude. [ 273,310,311 ] The basic principle of the metasurface mask, which could be used for holographic lithography, is similar to that of the truncated‐waveguide metasurfaces. [ 106 ] Owing to the anisotropic geometry of the meta‐atoms, the field of light with horizontal and vertical polarizations overlaps with different ratios of high and low n materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holography, Fourier Optics, and Beyond Photonic Crystals: Holographic Fabrications for Weyl Points, Bound States in the Continuum, and Exceptional Points

Lim

Park

Kang

et al. 2021

Advanced Photonics Research

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Since the 1990s, applications of holography and Fourier optics have been significantly expanded from the spatial modulation of light propagation to the nanofabrication of superlattices. Holographic mixing of multiple beams is found to be highly compatible with unprecedented engineering of 1D, 2D, and 3D superlattices, particularly at the nanoscales. This is essential for the development of champion photonic crystals working at optical frequencies. However, these extensive efforts toward holographic photonic crystals have declined with the failure to obtain a champion photonic crystal and the rapid rise of other important classes of optical modes in the 2010s such as Weyl points, bound state in continuum (BIC), and exceptional points (EPs). To obtain photonic crystals, the symmetric modulations of the sinusoidally distributed real part of permittivity (Re(ε)), that can be considered as waves of matter from the viewpoint of Fourier optics, are sufficient. However, Weyl points, BIC, and EPs demand more complicated and advanced modulation of such as asymmetrically distributed wave of Re(ε) and the coupled Re(ε) and imaginary ε (Im(ε)). It is, therefore, important to determine whether holographic fabrications can be an efficient solution to Weyl points, BIC, and EPs. In this review, a comprehensive overview of holography, Fourier optical surface/volume gratings, and their implementations for Weyl points, BIC, and EPs is presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holography, Fourier Optics, and Beyond Photonic Crystals: Holographic Fabrications for Weyl Points, Bound States in the Continuum, and Exceptional Points

Lim

Park

Kang

et al. 2021

Advanced Photonics Research

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“…[32] Interestingly, fullstate synthesis of EM fields was proposed by using high efficiency phase-only metasurfaces. [33] More recently, Qu et al demonstrated a re-programmable metasurface that can produce arbitrary holographic images for optical encryption. [34] Therein, traditional optimization algorithms, such as the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, continuously iterates by giving the initial value until it satisfies the targets, which takes a lot of computing time.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation‐Type Metasurfaces for Advanced Electromagnetic Manipulation

Tian

Cai

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Manipulating the phase, polarization, and energy distribution of electromagnetic (EM) waves has facilitated numerous applications. Nowadays, metasurface provides an innovational scenario to carry out more promising and advanced control of EM waves. However, it is a great challenge to manipulate polarization, phase, and energy distribution simultaneously with a low profile. Herein, a class of single-layer radiationtype metasurfaces to achieve advanced EM manipulation is proposed. Desired EM functions can be achieved based on the geometric phase and resonant phase. Such metasurfaces enable the capability to manipulate arbitrary phases and linear polarization states simultaneously. Moreover, arbitrary energy distributions can be controlled. As examples of potential applications, three advanced EM functional devices are presented: a novel multiple-input multiple-output antenna with efficient crosstalk suppression and information encryption, an energy-controllable router, and a metasurface holographic imaging based on power transmission algorithm, respectively. The proposed strategy may open up an alternative way of controlling EM waves with advanced performance and minimalist complexity. Moreover, it may lead to advances in information encoding and cryptography.

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“…fraction of incident energy that contributes into the transmitted holographic image. [14][15][16] We also calculate the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), [14] which are 17.6 and 18.7 dB, respectively, for the two images in Figure 6b,c. As illustrated in Figure 6d, if both the incident spins are encoded with code "1," spin-selective holograms can be achieved.…”

Section: Design Of Polarization-encoded Hologramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Efficiency Polarization‐Encoded Holograms with Ultrathin Bilayer Spin‐Decoupled Information Metasurfaces

Wang

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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Information metasurfaces, including digital coding and programmable metasurfaces, have reformed the design theory of metasurfaces from effective medium to coding pattern, and bridged the physical and digital world. Metasurface hologram has shown great potential in imaging and manipulating electromagnetic waves. In this work, bilayer information metasurfaces are proposed to achieve polarization‐encoded holograms in microwave regime. The designed metasurfaces consist of 3‐bit spin‐decoupled meta‐atoms, which possess ultrathin profiles (0.14λ0) and high cross‐polarization transmittance (over 0.8). The incident wave, which is right‐handed circularly polarized or left‐handed circularly polarized, is encoded with code “0” or “1”. The spin‐decoupled design is combined with diffuse scattering and holographic technology. Based on this, a novel algorithm is proposed to generate coding sequences according to the code of incident wave, to achieve different functionalities for corresponding circularly polarized channels. In this way, polarization‐encoded holograms, including diffuse scattering holograms (code “00”), single channel holograms (code “01” or “10”), and spin‐selective holograms (code “11”), are achieved. Simulated and measured results show that the maximum imaging efficiency can reach up to 65.1%, verifying the high efficiency of this holographic technology. This work is expected to open a way of realizing more complicated and higher efficiency information metasurface holography.

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Full‐State Synthesis of Electromagnetic Fields using High Efficiency Phase‐Only Metasurfaces

Cited by 48 publications

References 50 publications

Holography, Fourier Optics, and Beyond Photonic Crystals: Holographic Fabrications for Weyl Points, Bound States in the Continuum, and Exceptional Points

Holography, Fourier Optics, and Beyond Photonic Crystals: Holographic Fabrications for Weyl Points, Bound States in the Continuum, and Exceptional Points

Radiation‐Type Metasurfaces for Advanced Electromagnetic Manipulation

High Efficiency Polarization‐Encoded Holograms with Ultrathin Bilayer Spin‐Decoupled Information Metasurfaces

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