Full‐thickness tissue engineered oral mucosa for genitourinary reconstruction: A comparison of different collagen‐based biodegradable membranes

Abstract

Tissue engineering is a method of growing importance regarding clinical application in the genitourinary region. One of the key factors in successfully development of an artificially tissue engineered mucosa equivalent (TEOM) is the optimal choice of the scaffold. Collagen scaffolds are regarded as gold standard in dermal tissue reconstruction. Four distinct collagen scaffolds were evaluated for the ability to support the development of an organotypical tissue architecture. TEOMs were established by seeding cocultures of primary oral epithelial cells and fibroblasts on four distinct collagen membranes. Cell viability was assessed by MTT-assay. The 3D architecture and functionality of the tissue engineered oral mucosa equivalents were evaluated by confocal laser-scanning microscopy and immunostaining. Cell viability was reduced on the TissuFoil E ® membrane. A multi-stratified epithelial layer was established on all four materials, however the TEOMs on the Bio-Gide ® scaffold showed the best fibroblast differentiation, secretion of tenascin and fibroblast migration into the membrane. The TEOMs generated on Bio-Gide ® scaffold exhibited the optimal cellular organization into a cellular 3D network. Thus, the Bio-Gide ® scaffold is a suitable matrix for engineering of mucosa substitutes in vitro. K E Y W O R D S biodegradable scaffolds, coculture, primary oral epithelial cells, primary oral fibroblasts, tissue engineered mucosa equivalents 1 | INTRODUCTION Tissue engineering is a relatively new emerging technology in the field of regenerative medicine. It developed because of the growing needs of plastic and reconstructive surgery to restore form and function in a subset of patients with tissue damage due to preexisting or neoplastic disease, trauma or congenital anomalies on one hand, and from the need to improve aesthetic appearance after surgeries on the other. 1 Thus, it is not surprising that skin was one of the first engineered tissues to be used in the clinical setting. 1 Humby first described the successful use of buccal mucosa for reconstruction surgery in males with hypospadias in

All-in-one porous membrane enables full protection in guided bone regeneration

“…2d ), which can be maintained even under high-speed vibration (Supplementary Movie 1 ). The thickness of BC- g -PNCl and CS-HAP layers is about 60 and 320 μm, respectively, making the overall thickness of BC- g -PNCl/CS-HAP similar to a commercial Bio-Gide® collagen membrane (CM, normally 300–500 μm) 29 , 30 .…”