Full Waveform Seismological Advances for Microseismic Monitoring

Cesca, Simone; Grigoli, Francesco

doi:10.1016/bs.agph.2014.12.002

Cited by 68 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…A wide panorama of MT inversion algorithms is nowadays available (see a review in Cesca and Grigoli, 2015), some of them accounting for isotropic source components. For the analysis of previous explosions in North Korea, Ford et al (2009) and Barth (2014) followed a full-waveform approach, beside referring to different algorithm implementations : Ford et al (2009) solved the inverse problem in the time domain and Barth (2014) fit both amplitude and phase spectra (Barth et al, 2007).…”

Section: Overview On Mt Inversion Results For North Korean Explosionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moment Tensor Inversion for Nuclear Explosions: What Can We Learn from the 6 January and 9 September 2016 Nuclear Tests, North Korea?

Cesca

Heimann

Kriegerowski

et al. 2017

Seismological Research Letters

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Two nuclear explosions were carried out by the Democratic People's Republic of North Korea in January and September 2016. Epicenters were located close to those of the 2006, 2009, and 2013 previous explosions. We perform a seismological analysis of the 2016 events combining the analysis of full waveforms at regional distances and seismic array beams at teleseismic distances. We estimate the most relevant source parameters, such as source depth, moment release, and full moment tensor (MT). The best MT solution can be decomposed into an isotropic source, directly related with the explosion and an additional deviatoric term, likely due to near-source interactions with topographic and/or underground facilities features. We additionally perform an accurate resolution test to assess source parameters uncertainties and trade-offs. This analysis sheds light on source parameters inconsistencies among studies on previous shallow explosive sources. The resolution of the true MT is hindered by strong source parameters trade-offs, so that a broad range of well-fitting MT solutions can be found, spanning from a dominant positive isotropic term to a dominant negative vertical compensated linear vector dipole. The true mechanism can be discriminated by additionally modeling first-motion polarities at seismic arrays at teleseismic distances. A comparative assessment of the 2016 explosion with earlier nuclear tests documents similar vertical waveforms but a significant increase of amplitude for the 2016 explosions, which proves that the 9 September 2016 was the largest nuclear explosion ever performed in North Korea with a magnitude M w 4.9 and a shallow depth of less than 2 km, although there are no proofs of a fusion explosion. Modeling transversal component waveforms suggests variable size and orientation of the double-couple components of the 2009, 2013, and 2016 sources.Electronic Supplement: Results of simulated annealing moment tensor (MT) inversion using a synthetic dataset, and a table of amplitude correction coefficients for each station used for the MT inversion.

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Section: Overview On Mt Inversion Results For North Korean Explosionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moment Tensor Inversion for Nuclear Explosions: What Can We Learn from the 6 January and 9 September 2016 Nuclear Tests, North Korea?

Cesca

Heimann

Kriegerowski

et al. 2017

Seismological Research Letters

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“…This python-tool earthquake detector is based on the stacking of characteristic functions of P and S waves according to the energy variations calculated from the square amplitudes of each trace. It follows a delay-and-stack approach, where the likelihood of the hypocentral location in a chosen seismogenic volume is mapped by assessing the coherence of arrival times at different stations (see Cesca & Grigoli 2015 for an overview). However, in the Lassie implementation, the adoption of smooth characteristic function calculated from normalized amplitude envelopes allows to reduce the spatial and temporal sampling (Heimann et al, in preparation).…”

Section: E T E C T I O N P E R F O R M a N C E U S I N G C O H E R mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring performance using synthetic data for induced microseismicity by hydrofracking at the Wysin site (Poland)

López‐Comino

Cesca

Kriegerowski

et al. 2017

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YIdeally, the performance of a dedicated seismic monitoring installation should be assessed prior to the observation of target seismicity. This work is focused on a hydrofracking experiment monitored at Wysin, NE Poland. A microseismic synthetic catalogue is generated to assess the monitoring performance during the pre-operational phase, where seismic information only concerns the noise conditions and the potential background seismicity. Full waveform, accounting for the expected spatial, magnitude and focal mechanism distributions and a realistic local crustal model, are combined with real noise recording to produce either event based or continuous synthetic waveforms. The network detection performance is assessed in terms of the magnitude of completeness (M c ) through two different techniques. First, we use an amplitude threshold, taking into the ratio among the maximal amplitude of synthetic waveforms and station-dependent noise levels, for different values of signal-to-noise ratio. The detection probability at each station is estimated for the whole data set and extrapolated to a broader range of magnitude and distances. We estimate an M c of about 0.55, when considering the distributed network, and can further decrease M c to 0.45 using arrays techniques. The second approach, taking advantage on an automatic, coherence-based detection algorithm, can lower M c to ∼ 0.1, at the cost of an increase of false detections. M c experiences significant changes during day hours, in consequence of strongly varying noise conditions. Moreover, due to the radiation patterns and network geometry, double-couple like sources are better detected than tensile cracks, which may be induced during fracking.

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“…Seismic source location is the most crucial step of microseismic processing, and it is needed for subsequent source mechanism inversion and geomechanical analysis. A multitude of studies have been dedicated to the improvement of waveform‐based microseismic location during the past decade (e.g., Anikiev et al, ; Cesca & Grigoli, ; Trojanowski & Eisner, ; L. Li et al, ; Diekmann et al, ; see also Table for a more representative list of references). The main motivation of these studies is to improve locations of the weak microseismic events as the Gutenberg‐Richter (Gutenberg & Richter, ) empirical law implies exponential increase of the number of events if we can locate weaker events.…”

Section: The Rise Of Waveform‐based Location Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reviews of Geophysics most crucial step of microseismic processing, and it is needed for subsequent source mechanism inversion and geomechanical analysis. A multitude of studies have been dedicated to the improvement of waveform-based microseismic location during the past decade (e.g., Anikiev et al, 2014;Cesca & Grigoli, 2015;Trojanowski & Eisner, 2017;L. Li et al, 2018;Diekmann et al, 2019; see also Table 1 for a more representative list of references).…”

Section: Gas Extraction Induced Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Challenges of Waveform‐Based Seismic Location Methods at Multiple Scales

Tan

Schwarz

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

132

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Source locations provide fundamental information on earthquakes and lay the foundation for seismic monitoring at all scales. Seismic source location as a classical inverse problem has experienced significant methodological progress during the past century. Unlike the conventional traveltime‐based location methods that mainly utilize kinematic information, a new category of waveform‐based methods, including partial waveform stacking, time reverse imaging, wavefront tomography, and full waveform inversion, adapted from migration or stacking techniques in exploration seismology has emerged. Waveform‐based methods have shown promising results in characterizing weak seismic events at multiple scales, especially for abundant microearthquakes induced by hydraulic fracturing in unconventional and geothermal reservoirs or foreshock and aftershock activity potentially preceding tectonic earthquakes. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the current status of waveform‐based location methods, through elaboration of the methodological principles, categorization, and connections, as well as illustration of the applications to natural and induced/triggered seismicity, ranging from laboratory acoustic emission to field hydraulic fracturing‐induced seismicity, regional tectonic, and volcanic earthquakes. Taking into account recent developments in instrumentation and the increasing availability of more powerful computational resources, we highlight recent accomplishments and prevailing challenges of different waveform‐based location methods and what they promise to offer in the near future.

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Full Waveform Seismological Advances for Microseismic Monitoring

Cited by 68 publications

References 176 publications

Moment Tensor Inversion for Nuclear Explosions: What Can We Learn from the 6 January and 9 September 2016 Nuclear Tests, North Korea?

Moment Tensor Inversion for Nuclear Explosions: What Can We Learn from the 6 January and 9 September 2016 Nuclear Tests, North Korea?

Monitoring performance using synthetic data for induced microseismicity by hydrofracking at the Wysin site (Poland)

Recent Advances and Challenges of Waveform‐Based Seismic Location Methods at Multiple Scales

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