Full Well Corrosion Insight – Case Studies in the Added Value of Electromagnetic Thickness Measurements During Well Interventions

Abstract

Monitoring pipe corrosion is one of the critical aspects in the well intervention. Such analysis is used to evaluate and justify any remedial actions, to prolong the longevity of the well. Typical corrosion evaluation methods of tubulars consist of multifinger caliper tools that provide high-resolution measurements of the internal condition of the pipe. Routinely, this data is then analyzed and interpreted with respect to the manufacture's nominal specification for each tubular. However, this requires assumptions on the outer diameter of the tubular may add uncertainty, and incorrectly calculate the true metal thicknesses. This paper will highlight cases where the integration of such tool and electromagnetic (EM) thickness data adds value in discovering the true condition of both the first tubular and outer casings. These case studies demonstrate the use of a multireceiver, multitransmitter electromagnetic (EM) metal thickness tool operating at multiple simultaneous frequencies. It is used to measure the individual wall thickness across multiple strings (up to five) and operates continuously, making measurements in the frequency domain. This tool was combined with a multifinger caliper to provide a complete and efficient single-trip diagnosis of the tubing and casing integrity. The combination of multifinger caliper and EM metal thickness tool results gives both internal and external corrosion as well as metal thickness of first and outer tubular strings. The paper highlights multiple case studies including; i) successfully detecting several areas of metal loss (up to greater than 32%) on the outer string, which correlated to areas of the mobile salt formation, ii) overlapping defects in two tubulars and, iii) cases where a multifinger caliper alone doesn't provide an accurate indication of the true wall thickness. The final case highlights the advantages of integrating multiple tubular integrity tools when determining the condition of the casing wall. Metal thickness tools operating on EM principles benefit from a slim outer diameter design that allows the tools to pass through restrictions which typically would prevent ultrasonic scanning thickness tools. Additionally, EM tools are unaffected by the type of fluid in the wellbore and not affected by any non-ferrous scale buildup that may present in the inside of the tubular wall. Combinability between complementary multifinger caliper technology and EM thickness results in two independent sensors to provide a complete assessment of the well architecture.

Multi-Frequency Data Acquisition Model and Hybrid Neural Network for Precise Electromagnetic Wellbore Casing Inspection

“…EM inspection methods utilize the fact that the presence of defects distorts the EM field distribution within the casings to analyze the properties of such defects. Until the previous decade, it is common for EM inspection tools to estimate the total, cumulative metal thickness at a given depth (Imrie et al 2021, Dutta et al 2021, rather than pinpointing and characterizing the defects. Recent advances in the literature have employed time-and frequencydomain techniques (Larbi Zeghlache et al 2020, Larbi Zeghlache et al 2021 to acquire the EM responses originating from individual casings, estimating the circumferential average metal thickness of each.…”