Fullerene: vielseitige Bausteine für molekulare Maschinen

Abstract

Molekulare Maschinen führen definierte Aufgaben aus, die in Verbindung mit molekularer Bewegung stehen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz illustriert, welche Einsatzmöglichkeiten den Fullerenen als vielseitigen Bausteinen in molekularen Maschinen offenstehen. Tatsächlich eignet sich C60 als außerordentlich nützlicher licht‐ und elektroaktiver Stopper (aufgrund seiner außergewöhnlichen Größe), als Sonde zur Erfassung molekularer Bewegungen (aufgrund seiner definierten physikochemischen Eigenschaften), und zum Auslösen solcher Bewegungen (durch einfache π‐π‐Wechselwirkungen). Derartige molekulare Bewegungen können beispielsweise durch Licht angetriebene Elektronentransferprozesse modulieren.

Fullerene Derivatives That Bear Aliphatic Chains as Unusual Surfactants: Hierarchical Self‐Organization, Diverse Morphologies, and Functions

“…Conventional approach: Advances in C 60 chemistry have allowed the introduction of new functionalities and the tuning of their properties. [28][29][30][31] Mostly the focus has been to derivatize C 60 with hydrophilic moieties, that is, polar or charged groups. [32][33][34][35] Such conventional amphiphiles composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic units are water soluble and have great potential for biological applications.…”

A Molecular Shuttle Driven by Fullerene Radical‐Anion Recognition

“…[29] We foresaw that the encapsulation of the fulleropyrrolidine by the macrocycle (translational isomer 2 B) could act as a protective group inhibiting alkylation of the fulleropyrrolidine, since there are a examples in which encapsulation have been used to protect threaded substrates from chemical degradation. [22,[29][30][31][32] In addition, since the macrocycle is only mechanically bonded the protection should be perfectly reversible by changing the position of the macrocycle, providing new perspectives for mechanically interlocked molecules in organic synthesis. The reaction of thread 1 with dodecyl iodide [30] in DMSO yields fulleropyrrolidinium salt 4 (Scheme 1).…”

“…In such electrochemically driven molecular shuttles, easily accessible redox potentials are key to ensure a low-potential operation. [9] Recently, we have reported the use of C 60 stoppers [18][19][20][21][22][23] in rotaxanes as units to switch the macrocycle reversibly by exploiting the existing p-p interactions between electrochemically generated fullerene anions and the macrocycle. Indeed, C 60 can be reduced reversibly with up to 6 electrons and possess easily accessible reduction potentials.…”

A New Approach for the Photosynthetic Antenna–Reaction Center Complex with a Model Organized Around an s‐Triazine Linker

“…Porphyrins and related tetrapyrrolic systems have widely been investigated as lightcapturing antenna systems and/or as electron donors. [4][5][6][7] Notably, porphyrins feature rather moderate absorption cross section in the 430 to 500 nm region, and they allocate redoxactive excited states. [8] Fullerenes, which are well-known for their remarkable electron-acceptor properties, evolved as an interesting class of functional materials in the context of mimicking photosynthesis.…”