Fullerenes synthesis by combined resistive heating and arc discharge techniques

Kyesmen, Pannan I.; Onoja, Audu; Amah, A. N.

doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2994-7

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Fullerenes were first synthesized using the arc method whereby carbon soot was produced through heating resistive graphite rods at a temperature of about 2.00 × 10 3 °C and pressure of 100-200 Torr of either helium or argon gas [60]. More recently, a comparison of resistive heating of graphite and direct heating arc technique using a current of 150.00 A, pressure of 2.00 × 10 2 Torr, and 2 min arc discharge run produced a higher yield of about 67% of fullerene was obtained via resistive method compared to direct heating arc method [57].…”

Section: Carbon Nanomaterials Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, the technique has undergone various modifications aimed at achieving specified objectives. The modifications include the usage of DC power in place of AC power, use of relatively low AC current compared to high AC current, the high practice of demineralized coal electrodes, and tapered apparatus for carbon soot collection [57]. As shown in Figure 10, the technique is an easy assembly with the possibility of giving relatively high yields and uses high purity graphite electrodes (anode and cathode).…”

Section: Arc Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Methodical Review on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Energy-Related Applications

Onyancha

Ukhurebor

Aigbe

et al. 2022

Adsorption Science & Technology

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Carbon nanomaterials are endowed with novel and magnificent optical, electrical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties, with a promising prospect in different advanced applications such as electronics, batteries, capacitors, wastewater treatment, membranes, heterogeneous catalysis, and medical sciences. However, macroscopic synthesis of carbon materials for industrial use has been a great challenge. Furthermore, structural nonhomogeneity and indefinite fabrication have hindered vigorous and consistent implementation of these materials in extensive technologies. Nevertheless, they offer exotic physics, and as a result, they have continued to attract great interest from the scientific community in an effort aimed to optimize their properties through innovative synthesis techniques, ensuring macroscopic production and discovering new applications. Hence, this study endeavours to provide a conscious review of these materials via the comprehensive discussion of the various allotropes of carbon (fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene), synthesis techniques (arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition), and their applications in energy-related fields (batteries, capacitors, photocells, hydrogen storage, sensors, etc.) and their impending prospects.

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Section: Carbon Nanomaterials Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arc Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodical Review on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Energy-Related Applications

Onyancha

Ukhurebor

Aigbe

et al. 2022

Adsorption Science & Technology

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“…The development of large-scale and low-cost production technologies of fullerenes seems to be a goal of outstanding importance both in scientific and practical terms [11][12][13]. Any study aiming to contribute towards enhancing the production of fullerenes will invariably promote advancements in its applications [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Metallic and Non-Metallic Additives on the Synthesis of Fullerenes in Thermal Plasma

et al. 2022

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The effect of metallic (Fe, Cu, Co, Ni, Ti) and non-metallic additives (Si, B) on the formation of fullerenes from graphite powders was studied in radiofrequency (RF) thermal plasma. The main component of the synthesized fullerene mixtures was C60, but higher fullerenes (C70, C82, and C84) could be detected as well. Fe and Cu additives increased the fullerene content in the soot. In contrast, the fullerene formation decreased in the presence of Ti, Si, and B as compared to the synthesis without additives. However, Ti and B addition enhanced the formation of higher fullerenes. We provide experimental evidence that decreasing the reactor pressure results in a lower yield of fullerene production, in accordance with thermodynamic calculations and numerical simulations published earlier. In the presence of titanium, a significant quantity of TiC was also formed as a by-product. The fullerene mixture synthesized with boron additives showed higher stability during storage in ambient conditions as compared to other samples.

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“…At present, this method is well developed for the synthesis of carbon nanostructures . It is possible to reach 15 wt.% of fullerenes in synthesised products using special synthesis conditions . The use of catalytic particles leads to the growth of carbon nanotubes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene, SiC and Si Nanostructures Synthesis During Quartz Pyrolysis in Arc‐Discharge Plasma

Зайковский

Kardash

Kolesov

et al. 2019

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Composites based on graphene and nanosized silicon have recently been of interest in various applications. This paper reports a new method of synthesising a graphene-nano silicon composite material by spraying a mixture of quartz-graphite using an electric arc. The structure and composition of the materials obtained depends on the synthesis conditions. The quality of the graphene structure depends on the concentration of quartz in the load. Higher SiO 2 content leads to the production of more structured graphene. In this case, silicon is present in the materials in the form of carbide nanoparticles deposited on graphene planes. When sputtering pure quartz contained in the cavity of the graphite anode, silicon whiskers form during the synthesis process. The content of the silicon structure depends on the arc current and the sputtering rate of the anode material. The mechanisms that lead to the formation of the graphene structure and silicon whiskers in the condensation process of the products of the electric arc spraying of the anode material are considered.

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Fullerenes synthesis by combined resistive heating and arc discharge techniques

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

A Methodical Review on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Energy-Related Applications

A Methodical Review on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Energy-Related Applications

Effect of Metallic and Non-Metallic Additives on the Synthesis of Fullerenes in Thermal Plasma

Graphene, SiC and Si Nanostructures Synthesis During Quartz Pyrolysis in Arc‐Discharge Plasma

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