Fully Flexible Textile Antenna-Backed Sensor Node for Body-Worn UWB Localization

Abstract

A mechanically flexible textile antenna-backed sensor node is designed and manufactured, providing accurate personal localization functionality by application of Decawave’s DW1000 Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband (IR-UWB) Integrated Circuit (IC). All components are mounted on a flexible polyimide foil, which is integrated on the backplane of a wearable cavity-backed slot antenna designed for IR-UWB localization in Channels 2 and 3 of the IEEE 802.15.4-2011 standard (3744 MHz–4742.4 MHz). The textile antenna’s radiation pattern is optimized to mitigate body effects and to minimize absorption by body tissues. Furthermore, its time-domain characteristics are measured to be adequate for localization. By combining the antenna and the bendable Printed Circuit Board (PCB), a mechanically supple sensor system is realized, for which the performance is validated by examining it as a node used in a complete localization system. This shows that six nodes around the body must be deployed to provide system coverage in all directions around the wearer. Even without using sleep mode functionalities, the measurements indicate that the system’s autonomy is 13.3 h on a 5 V 200 mAh battery. Hence, this system acts as a proof of concept for the joining of localization electronics and other sensors with a full-textile antenna into a mechanically flexible sensor system.

Creation of a system for designing textile patterns using an iterative function system

“…Data transmission is the link connecting each module in the system, and the stability and efficiency of data transmission are the preconditions for the normal operation of the system. In the web-based vector graphics pattern processing system, vector transmission occurs not only between the back wall components but also between the front-end page and the back-end components [10]. If the data exchange mode of transmitting the whole vector graph is adopted, the data transmission process of the system will become slow and unstable, which will greatly affect the reliability and practicability of the system.…”

A Red Cross Bag MPA with a Very Low SAR and High F/B Ratio for Bio-medical Applications

“…However, there are some disadvantages such as changes in the center frequency, low gain, and unstable values of antenna parameters due to the changes in dimensions depending on the bending angle. Moreover, the receiving antenna should be designed with a wide range of frequencies to communicate with the transmitter antenna [9][10][11]. A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is the solution to avoid the changes in the center frequency far away from the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical Band (ISM).…”

Low-Cost UWB Based Real-Time Locating System: Development, Lab Test, Industrial Implementation and Economic Assessment

“…The studies in question, for instance, have been by [ 25 ], who studied how to bypass one of the limits of Decawave MDEK1001′s protocol, namely the fact that each tag to be located can only measure ranges to a maximum of four anchors, and they carried out tests in laboratories and in an apartment, but not in a real industrial context; again, Ref. [ 26 ] designed and manufactured a mechanically flexible textile antenna-backed sensor node by applying Qorvo MDEK1001, again without any real application; Ref. [ 27 ] deepened the topic of self-calibration for the time difference of arrival positioning when dealing with the system in question; Ref.…”