Fully Heavy Tetraquark Spectroscopy in the Relativistic Quark Model

Abstract

Masses of the ground and excited (1P, 2S, 1D, 2P, 3S) states of the fully heavy tetraquarks, composed of charm (c) and bottom (b) quarks and antiquarks, are calculated in the diquark–antidiquark picture within the relativistic quark model based on the quasipotential approach and quantum chromodynamics. The quasipotentials of the quark–quark and diquark–antidiquark interactions are constructed similarly to the previous consideration of mesons and baryons. Relativistic effects are consistently taken into account. A tetraquark is considered a bound state of a diquark and an antidiquark. The finite size of the diquark is taken into account, using the form factors of the diquark–gluon interaction. It is shown that most of the investigated states of tetraquarks lie above the decay thresholds into a meson pair; as a result, they can be observed only as broad resonances. The narrow state X(6900) recently discovered in the di-J/ψ production spectrum by the LHCb, CMS and ATLAS Collaborations corresponds to an excited state of the fully charmed tetraquark. Other recently discovered exotic heavy resonances, X(6200), X(6400), X(6600), X(7200), and X(7300), can also be interpreted as the different excitations of the fully charmed tetraquark.

Exact Unified Tetraquark Equations

“…Fig. 2 Diquark-antidiquark bound state equation encompassing the Moscow group's approach [6][7][8][9]. The form factor φ D couples the tetraquark to diquark and antidiquark states (both represented by double-lines).…”

“…A separate approach has been followed for many years by the Moscow group, Faustov et al [6][7][8][9], who model tetraquarks as a diquark-antidiquark system. The Moscow group's model can be viewed as being based on the solutions of the bound-state equation for the D D-tetraquark amplitude φ D , as illustrated in Fig.…”