Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) encompasses various skin malignancies,
primarily basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Extended exposure to environmental elements, particularly solar
ultraviolet (UV) radiation, triggers oxidative stress in skin tissues,
resulting in DNA damage that is instrumental in the initiation and
progression of NMSC. The imbalance between pro-inflammatory and
anti-inflammatory cytokines plays a significant role in the development
and progression of skin cancer. Resveratrol (RES), an organic
phytoalexin present in grape skins and seeds, demonstrates promising
chemopreventive and anti-neoplastic capabilities against NMSC. This
research revealed that the synergistic lipid-nanocarrier incorporating
RES and 5-FU showed significantly enhanced effectiveness in curtailing
the proliferation of malignant cells, notably in the A431 cell line, in
comparison to traditional formulations. Moreover, the study illustrated
that the RES and 5-FU amalgamation exerted a combined effect in
hindering cellular proliferation and triggering apoptosis in cancerous
cells, as evidenced in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Furthermore, RES is known for its antioxidant attributes, which may
alleviate the impact of ROS triggered by UV exposure, thus diminishing
DNA impairment and mutations. These observations imply that RES might
offer chemopreventive benefits for NMSC through its role in apoptosis
and mitigating oxidative stress. This research offers critical insights
into the prospective utility of RES as a safer, more effective
intervention for NMSC, though additional investigations are required to
thoroughly decipher the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical
implications.