“Fully recharged” evenings? The effect of evening cyber leisure on next-day vitality and performance through sleep quantity and quality, bedtime procrastination, and psychological detachment, and the moderating role of mindfulness.

Abstract

Aligning with the recovery perspective, we propose a dual-path model to illustrate the effects of employees' evening cyber leisure on next-day work outcomes, namely, psychological vitality and performance. We argue that evening cyber leisure has contradicting effects on next-day performance and vitality through its effects on bedtime procrastination and psychological detachment, and in turn, sleep quantity and sleep quality. We also propose that trait mindfulness acts as an important boundary condition of the indirect effects of evening cyber leisure. We used an experience sampling methodology to collect three surveys per day for 10 days from 155 R&D employees of a biotech company. Our findings suggest that cyber leisure has a negative indirect effect on sleep quantity and sleep quality via bedtime procrastination, and a positive indirect effect on sleep quantity and sleep quality via evening psychological detachment. Additionally, sleep quantity was positively associated with performance, and sleep quality was positively associated with psychological vitality. Lastly, as trait mindfulness increased, the negative impact of cyber leisure on bedtime procrastination was mitigated, and the positive impact of cyber leisure on psychological detachment was enhanced. Theoretical and practical implications specific to the use of cyber devices for workplace recovery are discussed.

The role of regulatory, affective, and motivational resources in the adverse spillover of sleep in the home domain to employee effectiveness in the work domain

“…In the morning we measured sleep duration with the following item from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; Buysse et al, 1989) 'During the last night, how many hours of actual sleep did you get?'. This measure is widely used to assess sleep duration in organizational research (Guarana et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2020;Sayre et al, 2021). Regulatory resources availability was also assessed in the morning with five items (Bertrams et al, 2011) related to the participant's current experiences (e.g., 'Right now, I have no mental energy left.…”

A Diary Study on Anticipated Leisure Time, Morning Recovery, and Employees’ Work Engagement

“…Between-person reliabilities for these items were acceptable, but we could not compute within-person reliabilities. However, within- and between-person reliabilities typically are not completely different (e.g., [ 56 , 57 ]), suggesting that the two single-item measurements may also be generalizable within persons. Furthermore, Kunin scales are commonly used to assess general evaluations, e.g., job satisfaction (for a meta-analysis, see [ 58 ]) or overall leader satisfaction [ 59 ].…”

Digital Nudges for Screen Time Reduction: A Randomized Control Trial with Performance and Wellbeing Outcomes

“…Our research offers insights for researchers, practitioners and consumers who are interested in smartphone overuse and digital distraction. The findings can be used to encourage individuals, for example in workplace situations (Gill et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2020;Nevskaya & Albuquerque, 2019) or in educational settings (David et al, 2015;Taneja et al, 2015), to use their smartphones less with the help of digital nudges. Considering that the median consumer would require a compensation of around $48 to give up Facebook for one month (Brynjolfsson et al, 2019), there exists a consumer demand for cost-effective and scalable solutions to reduce mobile usage and screen time.…”

“…Screen time is composed of a variety of tasks that people undertake on their smartphones, ranging from meaningful to meaningless and from productive to problematic activities (Billieux et al, 2008;Lukoff et al, 2018;Panova & Carbonell, 2018). Specific behaviors such as passive social media scrolling or phone checking at night might be especially problematic for sleep, well-being and performance (Liu et al, 2020). In the current study, data was collected via screenshots which limits our ability to conduct more nuanced analysis.…”