Function of c-mos proto-oncogene product in meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes

Sagata, Noriyuki; Oskarsson, M; Copeland, Terry D.; Brumbaugh, J. A.; Woude, George F. Vande

doi:10.1038/335519a0

Cited by 603 publications

(487 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, there is evidence that the mos protein plays different roles in different species. In Xenopus oocyte maturation, mos is required for the activation of maturation promoting factor, germinal vesicle breakdown and the extrusion of the first polar body, as well as being the active component of cytostatic factor (Sagata et al, 1988;Yew et al, 1993). In contrast, the phenotype of c-mos mutant mice suggests that murine mos is only needed to arrest developing oocytes in metaphase II (Colledge et al, 1994;Hashimoto et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation analysis of the c-mos proto-oncogene in human ovarian teratomas

Foy

Gayther²,

Colledge³

et al. 1998

Br J Cancer

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Summary Female transgenic mice lacking a functional c-mos proto-oncogene develop ovarian teratomas, indicating that c-mos may behave as a tumour-suppressor gene for this type of tumour. We have analysed the entire coding region of the c-MOS gene in a series of human ovarian teratomas to determine whether there are any cancer-causing alterations. DNA from twenty teratomas was analysed by single-strand conformational analysis (SSCA) and heteroduplex analysis (HA) to screen for somatic and germline mutations. In nine of these tumours the entire gene was also sequenced. A previously reported polymorphism and a single new sequence variant were identified, neither of which we would predict to be disease-causing alterations. These results suggest that mutations in the coding region of the c-MOS gene do not play a significant role in the genesis of human ovarian teratomas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation analysis of the c-mos proto-oncogene in human ovarian teratomas

Foy

Gayther²,

Colledge³

et al. 1998

Br J Cancer

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“…Mos is a serine/threonine protein kinase that induces a cascade of serial phosphorylations that eventually end in the phosphorylation and activation of the kinase p90 RSK (Crews et al, 1992;Nebreda and Hunt, 1993;Shibuya and Ruderman, 1993). Mos is initially translated during oocyte maturation in response to progesterone (Sagata et al, 1988;Sheets et al, 1995), which is released from ovarian follicle cells upon seasonal cues (reviewed in Smith, 1989). The Mos-MAPK pathway, through p90 RSK , phosphorylates Emi2 when the levels of Emi2 accumulate during the MI/MII transition (Inoue et al, 2007;Nishiyama et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Meiosis Arrest and Release In Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitioning from egg to embryo: Triggers and mechanisms of egg activation

Horner

Wolfner

2008

Developmental Dynamics

183

177

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The transition from mature oocyte to developing embryo requires a coordinated series of events, collectively known as egg activation. Egg activation includes changes to egg coverings to prevent polyspermy, release of oocyte meiotic arrest, generation of haploid female and male pronuclei, changes in maternal mRNAs and protein populations, and cytoskeletal rearrangements. In many animals, egg activation is triggered by fertilization, which increases intracellular calcium within the oocyte and thereby regulates molecular events of egg activation. In other animals, fertilization-independent external signals, including mechanical stimulation of eggs and/or changes in ionic milieu, trigger activation. Recent studies have clarified the upstream portion of pathways leading to eggshell changes and cell cycle resumption and have identified activation-induced changes in maternal mRNA and protein profiles that can identify molecular players in the downstream events of egg activation. We review signals that trigger activation and how they link to subsequent molecular events of egg activation. Developmental Dynamics 237:527-544, 2008.

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“…We examined whether the protein was already present in the oocyte as opposed to being synthesized during meiotic maturation as has been described for some proteins (Sagata et al, 1988). Xenopus oocytes were manually dissected from pieces of ovary and protein extracts were made at the stages of oogenesis indicated (Dumont, 1972).…”

Section: Subcellular Localization Of the Atm Protein In The Germlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of Xenopus ATM (X-ATM): expression, localization, and complex formation during oogenesis and early development

1999

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ATM, the gene product mutated in Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T) encodes a 350-kDa protein involved in the regulation of several cellular responses to DNA breaks. We used a degenerate PCR-based strategy to isolate a partial clone of X-ATM, the Xenopus homologue of human ATM. Sequence analysis and con®rmed that the clone was most closely related to human ATM. Xenopus ATM protein (X-ATM) is 85% identical to human ATM within the kinase domain and 71% identical over the carboxyl-terminal half of the protein. Polyclonal antibodies raised against recombinant X-ATM are highly speci®c for the ATM protein and recognize a single polypeptide of 370-kDa in oocytes, embryos, egg extracts and a Xenopus cell line. We found that X-ATM was expressed maternally in eggs and as early as stage II pre-vitellogenic oocytes, and the protein and mRNA were present at relatively constant levels throughout development. Subcellular fractionation showed that the protein was nuclear in both the female and male germlines. The level of X-ATM protein did not change throughout the meiotic divisions or the synchronous mitotic cycles of cleavage stage embryos. In addition, we did not observe any change in the level or mobility of X-ATM protein following g-irradiation of embryos. Finally, we also demonstrated that X-ATM was present in a high molecular weight complex of approximately 500 kDa containing the X-ATM protein and other, as yet unidenti®ed component(s).

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Function of c-mos proto-oncogene product in meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes

Cited by 603 publications

References 53 publications

Mutation analysis of the c-mos proto-oncogene in human ovarian teratomas

Mutation analysis of the c-mos proto-oncogene in human ovarian teratomas

Transitioning from egg to embryo: Triggers and mechanisms of egg activation

Isolation and characterization of Xenopus ATM (X-ATM): expression, localization, and complex formation during oogenesis and early development

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