Serotonin content in the plasma and platelets and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration in the plasma were shown to increase in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension due to mitral valve disease. A positive correlation was found between the severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension and concentrations of serotonin (r=0.48) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the plasma (r=0.9).