Functional Analysis and Treatment of Self‐injurious Behavior in Young Children: A Summary of 30 Cases

Kurtz, Patricia F.; Chin, Michelle D.; Huete, John M.; Tarbox, Rachel S. F.; O’Connor, Julia T.; Paclawskyj, Theodosia R.; Rush, Karena S.

doi:10.1901/jaba.2003.36-205

Cited by 173 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Behavioral studies show that SIB is largely socially maintained, either by social-positive reinforcementthe provision of favored stimulus such as attention, food, or toys-or by social-negative reinforcement-the removal of an aversive stimulus such as escape from an onerous task. Kurtz et al (2003), for example, found that in a sample of young children (10 months to 5 years old) referred for SIB, 48% of SIB was socially maintained, mostly by social-positive reinforcement. Similar results have been found in older children and adults with mental retardation.…”

Section: Behavioral Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestures of Despair and Hope: A View on Deliberate Self-harm From Economics and Evolutionary Biology

2008

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A long-standing theoretical tradition in clinical psychology and psychiatry sees deliberate self-harm (DSH), such as wristcutting, as "functional"-a means to avoid painful emotions, for example, or to elicit attention from others. There is substantial evidence that DSH serves these functions. Yet the specific links between self-harm and such functions remain obscure. Why don't self-harmers use less destructive behaviors to blunt painful emotions or elicit attention? Economists and biologists have used game theory to show that, under certain circumstances, self-harmful behaviors by economic agents and animals serve important strategic goals. In particular, "costly signals" can credibly reveal a "private state" in situations where verbal claims and other "cheap" signals might be disbelieved. Here, DSH is scrutinized using signaling theory, and a variant, the theory of bargaining with private information. The social contexts and associated features of DSH suggest that it might be a costly, and therefore credible, signal of need that compels social partners to respond.

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Section: Behavioral Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestures of Despair and Hope: A View on Deliberate Self-harm From Economics and Evolutionary Biology

2008

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“…FCT has been demonstrated to be a highly effective treatment for individuals with intellectual disabilities, ranging from mild to profound, who engage in severe problem behaviors such as self-injury and aggression (e.g., Bailey, McComas, Benavides, & Lovascz, 2002;Carr & Durand, 1985;Fisher et al, 1993;Hagopian, Fisher, Sullivan, Acquisto, & LeBlanc, 1998;Kurtz, et al, 2003;Shirley, Iwata, Kahng, Mazaleski, & Lerman, 1997;Wacker et al, 1990). We searched and reviewed the published literature from 1985 to 2009 1 and identified 76 studies employing FCT as a treatment for 235 individuals with intellectual disabilities of varying ages (i.e., 2-34 years old) displaying a wide range of problem behavior (e.g., aggression, disruption, SIB, inappropriate sexual behavior).…”

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confidence: 99%

Reinforcement Schedule Thinning Following Functional Communication Training: Review and Recommendations

Hagopian

Boelter

Jarmolowicz

2011

Behav Analysis Practice

169

164

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4This paper extends the Tiger, Hanley, and Bruzek (2008) review of functional communication training (FCT) by reviewing the published literature on reinforcement schedule thinning following FCT. As noted by Tiger et al. and others, schedule thinning may be necessary when the newly acquired communication response occurs excessively, to the extent that reinforcing it consistently is not practical in the natural environment. We provide a review of this literature including a discussion of each of the more commonly used schedule arrangements used for this purpose, outcomes obtained, a description of methods for progressing toward the terminal schedule, and a description of supplemental treatment components aimed at maintaining low levels of problem behavior during schedule thinning. Recommendations for schedule thinning are then provided. Finally, conceptual issues related to the reemergence of problem behavior during schedule thinning and areas for future research are discussed. Keywords: alternative activities, delay-to-reinforcement, demand fading, functional communication training, multiple schedules, punishment, response restriction schedule thinning ABSTRACT F 1 Articles were initially located by reviewing published studies listed in the PsychLit and PubMed databases between January 1985 to October 2009. Two search terms, one from each category, were always combined and each term was combined with every other term in the other category. The terms were as follows: (1) functional communication training; (2) functional communication; and (3) alternative communication. Following this initial step, the abstracts of the articles meeting the above criteria were reviewed to determine if the authors had implemented FCT as a treatment for aggression, self-injury, or property destruction (referred to in this manuscript collectively as "problem behavior").

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“…Thus, the utility of the paired-choice assessment with young children is unknown. Given the considerable amount of research that emphasizes the importance of early identification and intervention, more research on the assessment and treatment of behavior problems in very young children is needed (Kurtz et al, 2003). In the present case study, the reliability and validity of a paired-choice assessment was evaluated for an infant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility of a paired-choice preference assessment in predicting reinforcer effectiveness for an infant.

Rush¹,

Kurtz²,

Lieblein³

et al. 2005

Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention

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This study examined the utility of a paired-choice preference assessment in predicting reinforcer efficacy for a 13-month old with a history of prenatal drug exposure. First, two paired-choice assessments were conducted one week apart, using the same items. A high level of correspondence between the two assessments was observed. Next, a reinforcer assessment was conducted indicating that the high-preference items identified by the pairedchoice assessments served as reinforcers for the participant. The results suggest that the paired choice assessment was effective in predicting reinforcers for this infant. Limitations of the current study and suggestions for future early intervention research are discussed.

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Functional Analysis and Treatment of Self‐injurious Behavior in Young Children: A Summary of 30 Cases

Cited by 173 publications

References 34 publications

Gestures of Despair and Hope: A View on Deliberate Self-harm From Economics and Evolutionary Biology

Gestures of Despair and Hope: A View on Deliberate Self-harm From Economics and Evolutionary Biology

Reinforcement Schedule Thinning Following Functional Communication Training: Review and Recommendations

The utility of a paired-choice preference assessment in predicting reinforcer effectiveness for an infant.

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