Functional analysis of <i>Pcipg</i>2 from the straminopilous plant pathogen <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>

Sun, Wentao; Jia, Yong; Feng, Bao Zhen; O’Neill, Nichole R.; Zhu, X.; Xie, Bing Yan; Zhang, Xiu Guo

doi:10.1002/dvg.20530

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Highly virulent Phytophthora capsici strain SD33 has been tested in our laboratory and routinely cultured on 10% V8-juice agar medium at 25°C [51,66,67]. Production of sporangia and zoospores were performed as previously described [67].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of necrosis-inducing NLP proteins in Phytophthora capsici

Feng

Zhu

et al. 2014

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundEffector proteins function not only as toxins to induce plant cell death, but also enable pathogens to suppress or evade plant defense responses. NLP-like proteins are considered to be effector proteins, and they have been isolated from bacteria, fungi, and oomycete plant pathogens. There is increasing evidence that NLPs have the ability to induce cell death and ethylene accumulation in plants.ResultsWe evaluated the expression patterns of 11 targeted PcNLP genes by qRT-PCR at different time points after infection by P. capsici. Several PcNLP genes were strongly expressed at the early stages in the infection process, but the expression of other PcNLP genes gradually increased to a maximum at late stages of infection. The genes PcNLP2, PcNLP6 and PcNLP14 showed the highest expression levels during infection by P. capsici. The necrosis-inducing activity of all targeted PcNLP genes was evaluated using heterologous expression by PVX agroinfection of Capsicum annuum and Nicotiana benthamiana and by Western blot analysis. The members of the PcNLP family can induce chlorosis or necrosis during infection of pepper and tobacco leaves, but the chlorotic or necrotic response caused by PcNLP genes was stronger in pepper leaves than in tobacco leaves. Moreover, PcNLP2, PcNLP6, and PcNLP14 caused the largest chlorotic or necrotic areas in both host plants, indicating that these three genes contribute to strong virulence during infection by P. capsici. This was confirmed through functional evaluation of their silenced transformants. In addition, we further verified that four conserved residues are putatively active sites in PcNLP1 by site-directed mutagenesis.ConclusionsEach targeted PcNLP gene affects cells or tissues differently depending upon the stage of infection. Most PcNLP genes could trigger necrotic or chlorotic responses when expressed in the host C. annuum and the non-host N. benthamiana. Individual PcNLP genes have different phytotoxic effects, and PcNLP2, PcNLP6, and PcNLP14 may play important roles in symptom development and may be crucial for virulence, necrosis-inducing activity, or cell death during infection by P. capsici.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of necrosis-inducing NLP proteins in Phytophthora capsici

Feng

Zhu

et al. 2014

BMC Plant Biol

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“…The role of pectate lyase in the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides has been proven through expression of its coding gene in the weakly pathogenic species Colletotrichum magna, which led to the enhancement of its pathogenicity [37]. More recently, the activity of pectate lyase was strongly correlated to the pathogenicity levels of Phytophthora capsici isolates [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative expression of genes controlling cell wall-degrading enzymes in Verticillium dahliae isolates from olive, potato and sunflower

Gharbi

Alkher

Triki

et al. 2015

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…Highvirulent P. capsici strain SD33 [5,10] was used in these studies, and genomic DNA was extracted as previously described [21]. A genomic library of P. capsici was constructed as previously described [11] and screened using five pairs of degenerate primers (Table 1) designed ba- Table 1. The primers used for gene cloning in this study.…”

Section: P Capsici Strain Isolation Of Pcpme Genes and Sequence Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pectin methylesterase (PME; EC 3.1.1.11) removes the methyl group from esterified galacturonic acid residues in pectin chains [9]. Our previous studies revealed that the CWDEs were contributing to virulence of P. capsici during the course of infection [10,11] in a manner similar to that of CWDEs from bacterial [12,13] and fungal pathogens [14 − 17]. These studies have shown that pectinases, which are among the CWDEs secreted by P. capsici, play an important role in the infection process.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Such information will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to P. capsici infection, and contribute to our understanding of the various functions occurring during interaction with different host plants. We isolated and identified nine novel Pcpme genes (Pcpme1 -9) from a genomic library of P. capsici [11], and performed a detailed study on expression of these nine pme genes in plant tissue inoculated with P. capsici. Our findings indicate that products of these nine Pcpme genes facilitate the decomposition of host pectin.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Isolation of nine Phytophthora capsici pectin methylesterase genes which are differentially expressed in various plant species

Li¹,

Feng²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Phytophthora capsici causes damage on many plants species, and secretes various pectin methylesterases during all stages of infection. We identified nine Pme genes (Pcpme 1-9) from a genomic library of highly virulent P. capsici strain SD33 and further analyzed the expression pattern of nine genes on three hosts: pepper, tomato, and cucumber using qRT-PCR during all stages of infection. All nine genes were found to be differentially expressed in three host species in the course of P. capsici interaction. The expression levels of the respective genes increased from 1 to 7 dpi in pepper, while most genes presented a decreasing trend of expression from 1 to 5 dpi in tomato fruits. However, in both fruits peaks were reached at 7 dpi. In cucumber fruits, each gene showed minor expression levels from 1 to 3 dpi, exhibited definite peaks at 5 dpi, and then decreased from 5 to 7 dpi. Thus, evidence from our studies of Pcpme gene expression in different plants at a rang of time points suggests that the late stages of infection may represent the most critical time for P. capsici to successfully express or/and secret PMEs.

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Functional analysis of Pcipg2 from the straminopilous plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici

Cited by 30 publications

References 43 publications

Characterization of necrosis-inducing NLP proteins in Phytophthora capsici

Characterization of necrosis-inducing NLP proteins in Phytophthora capsici

Comparative expression of genes controlling cell wall-degrading enzymes in Verticillium dahliae isolates from olive, potato and sunflower

Isolation of nine Phytophthora capsici pectin methylesterase genes which are differentially expressed in various plant species

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