Functional analysis of Rousettus aegyptiacus “signal transducer and activator of transcription 1” (STAT1)

Fujii, H.; Watanabe, Shumpei; Yamane, Daisuke; Ueda, Naoya; Iha, Koichiro; Taniguchi, Satoshi; Kato, Kentaro; Tohya, Yukinobu; Kyuwa, Shigeru; Yoshikawa, Yasuhiro; Akashi, Hiroomi

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2010.01.004

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For this reason, RIG-I like helicase genes have been identified in the black flying fox P. alecto (Cowled et al, 2012). STAT1 has been shown to be phosphorylatable and to translocate to the nucleus when stimulated with human IFN-α (hIFN-α) in R. aegyptiacus (Fujii et al, 2010). Type I interferon has been found increased by poly(I:C), exogenous bat type I IFNs and alphavirus in the Rousette bat primary kidney cells (BPKCs) and African fruit bat cells (Omatsu et al, 2008;Biesold et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of RIG-I, STAT-1 and IFN-beta in the horseshoe bat

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2015

Gene

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Wild Chinese horseshoe bats have been proven to be natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. However, the molecular characterization of key proteins in bats still needs to be explored further. In this study, we used cloning and bioinformatics to analyze the sequence of RIG-I, STAT-1 and IFN-β in the immortalized cell lines from Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus sinicus. Then, we treated different bat cells, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) and splenocytes with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) to assess and compare antiviral immune responses between bats and mice. Our results demonstrated that bat RIG-I, STAT-1 and IFN-β showed close homology with human, mouse, pig and rhesus monkey. RIG-I and STAT-1 were both highly expressed in bat spleen. Furthermore, IFN-β was induced by polyI:C and VSV in both bat and mouse cells. These findings have provided new insight into the potential characteristics of the bat innate immune system against viral infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of RIG-I, STAT-1 and IFN-beta in the horseshoe bat

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2015

Gene

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“…STAT1 is present in the Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus , and is phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus following stimulation with human IFNA consistent with its activation in a similar manner to other mammals. Rabies virus infection of human and bat cells antagonizes STAT1 function, resulting in failure of STAT1 to be translocated to the nucleus (Brzózka et al., 2006; Fujii et al., 2010). Overall, this study demonstrated that the STAT1 signalling pathway in R. aegyptiacus cells is similar to that of other mammals.…”

Section: Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Immune Responses of Bats: A Review

Baker

Schountz

Wang

2012

Zoonoses and Public Health

217

192

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Bats are reported as natural reservoir host of several viruses, many of which cause severe human disease. Infected bats usually do not show any clinical symptoms and persistently infected. Bats immunity against viruses is an evolutional process of self-defense created by ecological adaptation between host and pathogen. Bats have unique characters which support them as a viral reservoir, whereas RNA viruses which are commonly carried by bats take an advantage of these characteristics to survive. The role of bats as reservoirs is also supported by several differences of immune system than other mammals. Several studies on molecular factors of bats immune system lead to a hypothesis that bats are able to control viral replication very early in the immune response through innate antiviral mechanism. However, to complete understanding of the nature of immune responses of bats to the virus still needs a lot of study. Advance technology on molecular techniques revealed the immune factors and provided numerous data about molecular factors in bat immunity, however comprehensive studies about morphology of bats immune organs are still lacking. One of the important immune organs which have functional variations due to their structural differences between species is the spleen, which will be our main focus of study in the future. We hope that the result of our study will be able to provide the database on the morphology and physiology of bat spleen and give better understanding on bats immune system.

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“…Some antibodies are cross reactive with bat proteins, but most appear to be towards highly conserved intracellular proteins such as those involved in the antiviral response. Fujii et al showed that antibodies to STAT1 and pSTAT1 Y701 are cross reactive with Rousettus aegyptiacus STAT1 [ 108 ], and these antibodies may be useful for examining how Marburg virus VP40 interferes with Egyptian fruit bat STAT1 activities [ 109 ]. Considering STAT1’s conservation, it is likely these antibodies are also cross-reactive with STAT1 from other bat species.…”

Section: Approaches For Studying Bat Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunology of Bats and Their Viruses: Challenges and Opportunities

Schountz

2014

Viruses

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Bats are reservoir hosts of several high-impact viruses that cause significant human diseases, including Nipah virus, Marburg virus and rabies virus. They also harbor many other viruses that are thought to have caused disease in humans after spillover into intermediate hosts, including SARS and MERS coronaviruses. As is usual with reservoir hosts, these viruses apparently cause little or no pathology in bats. Despite the importance of bats as reservoir hosts of zoonotic and potentially zoonotic agents, virtually nothing is known about the host/virus relationships; principally because few colonies of bats are available for experimental infections, a lack of reagents, methods and expertise for studying bat antiviral responses and immunology, and the difficulty of conducting meaningful field work. These challenges can be addressed, in part, with new technologies that are species-independent that can provide insight into the interactions of bats and viruses, which should clarify how the viruses persist in nature, and what risk factors might facilitate transmission to humans and livestock.

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Functional analysis of Rousettus aegyptiacus “signal transducer and activator of transcription 1” (STAT1)

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Molecular characterization of RIG-I, STAT-1 and IFN-beta in the horseshoe bat

Molecular characterization of RIG-I, STAT-1 and IFN-beta in the horseshoe bat

Antiviral Immune Responses of Bats: A Review

Immunology of Bats and Their Viruses: Challenges and Opportunities

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