Functional Analysis of the YvrGHb Two-Component System of<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>: Identification of the Regulated Genes by DNA Microarray and Northern Blot Analyses

Serizawa, Masakuni; Kodama, Kazuhisa; Yamamoto, Hiroki; Kobayashi, Kazuo; Ogasawara, Nagahisa; Sekiguchi, Junichi

doi:10.1271/bbb.69.2155

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…S1 in the supplemental material). Finally, it was previously reported that a deletion in the two-component regulatory system YvrGHb abolished transcription of the yvrI-yvrHa operon and of operons encoding the major cell surface proteins WapA and WprA (30). Our results showed that the yvrGHb deletion did not affect accumulation of OxdC in the cell wall proteome (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The YvrI Alternative σ Factor Is Essential for Acid Stress Induction of Oxalate Decarboxylase in Bacillus subtilis

2009

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YvrI is a recently identified alternative factor in Bacillus subtilis that requires the coactivator YvrHa to activate transcription. Previously, a strain engineered to overproduce YvrI was found to overproduce oxalate decarboxylase (OxdC), and further analysis identified three YvrI-activated promoters preceding the yvrI-yvrHa, yvrJ, and oxdC-yvrL operons. Independently, proteome analyses identified OxdC as a highly abundant, cell wall-associated protein that accumulated under acidic growth conditions. We show here that the accumulation of OxdC in the cell wall proteome under acidic growth conditions is absolutely dependent on YvrI and is correlated with enhanced transcription of both the yvrI-yvrHa and the oxdC-yvrL operons. Conversely, OxdC accumulates to a high level even under nonacidic growth conditions in cells lacking YvrL, a negative regulator of YvrI/YvrHa-dependent transcription. These results indicate that YvrI and its associated coregulators YvrHa and YvrL are required for the regulation of OxdC expression by acid stress. The high-level accumulation of OxdC depends, in part, on a strong oxdC promoter. A regulatory sequence with similarity to an upstream promoter element (UP) was identified upstream of the oxdC promoter and is required for high-level promoter activity. Conservation of the YvrI/YvrHa/YvrL regulatory system among related species allowed us to deduce an expanded consensus sequence for the compositionally unusual promoters recognized by this new factor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The YvrI Alternative σ Factor Is Essential for Acid Stress Induction of Oxalate Decarboxylase in Bacillus subtilis

2009

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“…A contrasting example is provided by analysis of genes assigned to the YvrGHb TCS regulon. YvrGHb is reported to regulate cell surface homeostatic functions (53). This regulon was expressed at a reduced level in the MPY triple mutant but affected to a lesser extent in the quadruple mutant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Bacillus subtilis Mutants with Grossly Altered Membrane Composition

Salzberg

Helmann

2008

J Bacteriol

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The Bacillus subtilis membrane contains diacylglycerol-based lipids with at least five distinct headgroups that together help to define the physical and chemical properties of the lipid bilayer. Here, we describe the phenotypic characterization of mutant strains lacking one or more of the following lipids: glycolipids (ugtP mutants), phosphatidylethanolamine (pssA and psd mutants), lysylphosphatidylglycerol (mprF), and cardiolipin (ywnE and ywjE). Alterations of membrane lipid headgroup composition are generally well-tolerated by the cell, and even severe alterations lead to only modest effects on growth proficiency. Mutants with decreased levels of positively charged lipids display an increased sensitivity to cationic antimicrobial compounds, and cells lacking glycolipids are more sensitive to the peptide antibiotic sublancin and are defective in swarming motility. A quadruple mutant strain (ugtP pssA mprF ywnE), with a membrane comprised predominantly of phosphatidylglycerol, is viable and grows at near-wild-type rates, although it forms long, coiled filaments. Transcriptome comparisons identified numerous regulons with altered expression in cells of the ugtP mutant, the pssA mprF ywnE triple mutant, and the ugtP pssA mprF ywnE quadruple mutant. These effects included a general decrease in expression of the SigD and FapR regulons and increased expression of cell envelope stress responses mediated by M and the YvrGHb two-component system.

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“…Abh is transcribed by the X form of RNA polymerase (25) and positively regulates X -regulated genes (unpublished data). Moreover, it was shown that the yvrH mutation reduces transcription of the sigX operon (48). Thus, mutations in both abh and yvrH reduce the transcription of X -regulated genes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilisPellicle Formation Proceeds through Genetically Defined Morphological Changes

2007

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Biofilms are structured multicellular communities of bacteria that form through a developmental process. In standing culture, undomesticated strains of Bacillus subtilis produce a floating biofilm, called a pellicle, with a distinct macroscopic architecture. Here we report on a comprehensive analysis of B. subtilis pellicle formation, with a focus on transcriptional regulators and morphological changes. To date, 288 known or putative transcriptional regulators encoded by the B. subtilis genome have been identified or assigned based on similarity to other known proteins. The genes encoding these regulators were systematically disrupted, and the effects of the mutations on pellicle formation were examined, resulting in the identification of 19 regulators involved in pellicle formation. In addition, morphological analysis revealed that pellicle formation begins with the formation of cell chains, which is followed by clustering and degradation of cell chains. Genetic and morphological evidence showed that each stage of morphological change can be defined genetically, based on mutants of transcriptional regulators, each of which blocks pellicle formation at a specific morphological stage.

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Functional Analysis of the YvrGHb Two-Component System ofBacillus subtilis: Identification of the Regulated Genes by DNA Microarray and Northern Blot Analyses

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

The YvrI Alternative σ Factor Is Essential for Acid Stress Induction of Oxalate Decarboxylase in Bacillus subtilis

The YvrI Alternative σ Factor Is Essential for Acid Stress Induction of Oxalate Decarboxylase in Bacillus subtilis

Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Bacillus subtilis Mutants with Grossly Altered Membrane Composition

Bacillus subtilisPellicle Formation Proceeds through Genetically Defined Morphological Changes

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