Functional and Physical Interaction of Blue- and Red-Light Sensors in Aspergillus nidulans

Purschwitz, Janina; Muller, Sylviane; Kästner, Christian; Schöser, Michelle; Haas, Hubertus; Espeso, Eduardo A.; Atoui, Ali; Calvo, Ana M.; Fischer, Reinhard

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.01.061

Cited by 279 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This implies that loss/gain of function of FluG in asexual development has occurred at least two independent times in the evolution of aspergilli. We also showed that asexual development does not depend on light in the case of A. niger, while it preferentially takes place in the light in the case of A. nidulans (Purschwitz et al 2008) and is repressed by white and red light in A. oryzae (Hatakeyama et al 2007). Multiple copies of amyR were introduced in A. niger to assess whether over-expression of this regulator would impact production levels of glucoamylase and its spatial release in colonies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

FluG affects secretion in colonies of Aspergillus niger

Wang

Krijgsheld

Hulsman

et al. 2014

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Colonies of Aspergillus niger are characterized by zonal heterogeneity in growth, sporulation, gene expression and secretion. For instance, the glucoamylase gene glaA is more highly expressed at the periphery of colonies when compared to the center. As a consequence, its encoded protein GlaA is mainly secreted at the outer part of the colony. Here, multiple copies of amyR were introduced in A. niger. Most transformants over-expressing this regulatory gene of amylolytic genes still displayed heterogeneous glaA expression and GlaA secretion. However, heterogeneity was abolished in transformant UU-A001.13 by expressing glaA and secreting GlaA throughout the mycelium. Sequencing the genome of UU-A001.13 revealed that transformation had been accompanied by deletion of part of the fluG gene and disrupting its 3 0 end by integration of a transformation vector. Inactivation of fluG in the wild-type background of A. niger also resulted in breakdown of starch under the whole colony. Asexual development of the DfluG strain was not affected, unlike what was previously shown in Aspergillus nidulans. Genes encoding proteins with a signal sequence for secretion, including part of the amylolytic genes, were more often downregulated in the central zone of maltose-grown DfluG colonies and upregulated in the intermediate part and periphery when compared to the wild-type. Together, these data indicate that FluG of A. niger is a repressor of secretion.Keywords Fungus Á Conidiogenesis Á Asexual development Á Aspergillus fluG Á Secretion Á Heterogeneity Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

FluG affects secretion in colonies of Aspergillus niger

Wang

Krijgsheld

Hulsman

et al. 2014

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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“…The life cycle is light-dependent. During illumination, primarily green asexual spores (conidia) are formed on conidiophores, whereas the sexual structures are repressed by light and primarily formed in dark and under limited oxygen levels (Adams et al, 1998;Bayram et al, 2010;Braus et al, 2010Braus et al, , 2002Purschwitz et al, 2008). The closed sexual fruiting bodies (cleistothecia) are surrounded by nursing Hülle cells (Sarikaya Bayram et al, 2010) and contain the red ascospores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal S-adenosylmethionine synthetase and the control of development and secondary metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans

Gerke

Bayram

Braus

2012

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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a b s t r a c tThe filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans carries a single gene for the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthetase SasA, whereas many other organisms possess multiple SAM synthetases. The conserved enzyme catalyzes the reaction of methionine and ATP to the ubiquitous methyl group donor SAM. SAM is the main methyl group donor for methyltransferases to modify DNA, RNA, protein, metabolites, or phospholipid target substrates. We show here that the single A. nidulans SAM synthetase encoding gene sasA is essential. Overexpression of sasA, encoding a predominantly cytoplasmic protein, led to impaired development including only small sterile fruiting bodies which are surrounded by unusually pigmented auxiliary Hülle cells. Hülle cells are the only fungal cell type which does not contain significant amounts of SasA. Sterigmatocystin production is altered when sasA is overexpressed, suggesting defects in coordination of development and secondary metabolism. SasA interacts with various metabolic proteins including methionine or mitochondrial metabolic enzymes as well as proteins involved in fungal morphogenesis. SasA interaction to histone-2B might reflect a putative epigenetic link to gene expression. Our data suggest a distinct role of SasA in coordinating fungal secondary metabolism and development.

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“…The blue-light response often seems to be the most important one; e.g., all light-dependent processes in N. crassa are regulated by UV or blue light (13,14). In contrast, A. nidulans responds well to red light in addition to blue light (15,16). It was discovered recently that the blue-and red-light-sensing chromoproteins along with some additional proteins form a light-regulator complex in this fungus (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of the Alternaria alternata Blue-Light Receptor LreA (White-Collar 1) in Spore Formation and Secondary Metabolism

Pruß

Fetzner

Seither

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Alternaria alternata is a filamentous fungus that causes considerable loss of crops of economically important feed and food worldwide. It produces more than 60 different secondary metabolites, among which alternariol (AOH) and altertoxin (ATX) are the most important mycotoxins. We found that mycotoxin production and spore formation are regulated by light in opposite ways. Whereas spore formation was largely decreased under light conditions, the production of AOH was stimulated 2-to 3-fold. ATX production was even strictly dependent on light. All light effects observed could be triggered by blue light, whereas red light had only a minor effect. Inhibition of spore formation by light was reversible after 1 day of incubation in the dark. We identified orthologues of genes encoding the Neurospora crassa blue-light-perceiving white-collar proteins, a cryptochrome, a phytochrome, and an opsin-related protein in the genome of A. alternata. Deletion of the white-collar 1 (WC-1) gene (lreA) resulted in derepression of spore formation in dark and in light. ATX formation was strongly induced in the dark in the lreA mutant, suggesting a repressing function of LreA, which appears to be released in the wild type after blue-light exposure. In addition, light induction of AOH formation was partially dependent on LreA, suggesting also an activating function. A. alternata ⌬lreA was still able to partially respond to blue light, indicating the action of another blue-light receptor system.

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Functional and Physical Interaction of Blue- and Red-Light Sensors in Aspergillus nidulans

Cited by 279 publications

References 24 publications

FluG affects secretion in colonies of Aspergillus niger

FluG affects secretion in colonies of Aspergillus niger

Fungal S-adenosylmethionine synthetase and the control of development and secondary metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans

Role of the Alternaria alternata Blue-Light Receptor LreA (White-Collar 1) in Spore Formation and Secondary Metabolism

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