Functional architecture in cat primary auditory cortex: tonotopic organization.

Goldstein, Moïse H.; Abeles, Moshe; Daly, Robert L.; McIntosh, J.S.

doi:10.1152/jn.1970.33.1.188

Cited by 83 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…While all workers in the field agree about the existence of a tonotopic organization in the primary fields of auditory cortex, how tight this organization is has been questioned in the past [22–24]. In the following sections, we will review the evidence for and against tonotopic order based on techniques that characterize the auditory cortex using a variety of neural signal types at various spatial scales and cortical depths.…”

Section: General Principles Of Auditory Cortex Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early electrophysiological evidence in cats [22, 24] as well as more recent data in ferrets [93] suggest the presence of local disorder in carnivore ACX as well. On the other hand, a recent study of micro-organization based in A1 of cats observed that neighboring neurons, particularly in the supragranular layers, were precisely synchronized with highly similar receptive field properties for stimulus features related to sound frequency [77].…”

Section: Lessons To Other Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local versus global scales of organization in auditory cortex

Kanold

Nelken

Polley

2014

Trends in Neurosciences

108

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Topographic organization is a hallmark of sensory cortical organization. Topography is robust at spatial scales ranging from hundreds of microns to centimeters, but can dissolve at the level of neighboring neurons or subcellular compartments within a neuron. This dichotomous spatial organization is especially pronounced in the mouse auditory cortex, where an orderly tonotopic map can arise from heterogeneous frequency tuning between local neurons. Here, we address a debate surrounding the robustness of tonotopic organization in the auditory cortex that has persisted in some form for over forty years. Drawing from various cortical areas, cortical layers, recording methodologies, and species, we describe how auditory cortical circuitry can simultaneously support a globally systematic, yet locally heterogeneous representation of this fundamental sound property.

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Section: General Principles Of Auditory Cortex Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lessons To Other Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local versus global scales of organization in auditory cortex

Kanold

Nelken

Polley

2014

Trends in Neurosciences

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Studies began to report that any neuronal preferred frequency could essentially be found throughout primary auditory cortex (Erulkar et al, 1956; Evans et al, 1965; Evans and Whitfield, 1964; Goldstein et al, 1970). The detailed study conducted by Goldstein, et al ., (1970) using single-unit data collected from 21 awake cats. These authors presented single-unit data collected in auditory cortex of 21 awake cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of techniques used to estimate cortical feature maps

Katta

Chen

Watkins

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Functional properties of neurons are often distributed nonrandomly within a cortical area and form topographic maps that reveal insights into neuronal organization and interconnection. Some functional maps, such as in visual cortex, are fairly straightforward to discern with a variety of techniques, while other maps, such as in auditory cortex, have resisted easy characterization. In order to determine appropriate protocols for establishing accurate functional maps in auditory cortex, artificial topographic maps were probed under various conditions, and the accuracy of estimates formed from the actual maps was quantified. Under these conditions, low-complexity maps such as sound frequency can be estimated accurately with as few as 25 total samples (e.g., electrode penetrations or imaging pixels) if neural responses are averaged together. More samples are required to achieve the highest estimation accuracy for higher complexity maps, and averaging improves map estimate accuracy even more than increasing sampling density. Undersampling without averaging can result in misleading map estimates, while undersampling with averaging can lead to the false conclusion of no map when one actually exists. Uniform sample spacing only slightly improves map estimation over nonuniform sample spacing typical of serial electrode penetrations. Tessellation plots commonly used to visualize maps estimated using nonuniform sampling are always inferior to linearly interpolated estimates, although differences are slight at higher sampling densities. Within primary auditory cortex, then, multiunit sampling with at least 100 samples would likely result in reasonable feature map estimates for all but the highest complexity maps and the highest variability that might be expected.

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“…Studies conducted decades later confirmed and expanded upon these discoveries (Tunturi, 1952(Tunturi, , 1960Hind, 1953;Kachuro, 1963;Evans, 1968;Goldstein, Abeles, Daly, & McIntosh, 1970;Tunturi & Barrett, 1977;Yost & Nielsen, 1977;Arkhalngelsky, 1984).…”

Section: Perspectives In Cortical Tonotopy and The Auditory Centersmentioning

confidence: 90%