Functional assays in marine biotoxin detection

Rossini, Gian Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.10.012

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Past eC legislation required the use of mouse bioassays for the detection of some lipophilic toxins in contaminated shellfish to protect consumer health (EU, 2005). The lack of specificity of these bioassays and the ethical concerns linked with the extensive use of animals for analytical purposes have been the major driver for the development of cell-based assays (Rossini, 2005;Hess et al, 2006;Schindler et al, 2006Schindler et al, , 2009. the pyrogen test in rabbits, in place for more than 40 years, was largely replaced by a test with correlative tors for estrogens in their target tissues (Jensen and Jacobson, 1962), paving the way for the clarification of the molecular mechanism of action of a large superfamily of trans-acting transcription factors and their ligands.…”

Section: Cell-based Methods For the Detection Of Toxic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past eU legislation required the mouse bioassay for the detection of different classes of lipophilic toxins. Since this represented an unspecific tool, it provided a strong drive for the development of alternatives for the specific detection of toxins belonging to different chemical groups (Rossini, 2005;Hess et al, 2006). One such alternative was devised as a consequence of a serendipitous observation.…”

Section: Looking For New Robust Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the two hypothetical metabolic pathways of Figure 1, including metabolites M1-M8 and the enzymes catalyzing individual reactions (e1-e7), for instance, include: i) a reaction which connects the two pathways so that metabolites M2-M4 can be products of a distinct series of reactions and have two different precursors (M1 and M5); ii) the end product of one pathway (M4) is a modulator of a protein component having a role of effector/transducer (eFy2) in a signaling pathway; 2 A mechanistic frame for toxicity pathways at a cellular level the molecular machinery of cells is structured through basic processes bringing about and controlling the functioning of the system, hierarchically organized as depicted by the so-called Central Dogma (Crick, 1958(Crick, , 1970. Signaling pathways and their perturbed versions (tPs), therefore, are parts of the full machinery, and emphasis on specific sequences of events in experimental studies is often aimed at characterizing elements in the entire systems, either under normal conditions or in molecular toxicology settings (see, for instance, Rossini, 2005;Kholodenko, 2006;Natarajan et al, 2006;Krewski et al, 2011;. the normal functioning cell, in fact, must be considered as a network of components with relevant interactions between and among subsets of elements (Hartwell et al, 1999;Kholodenko, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards tailored assays for cell-based approaches to toxicity testing

Rossini

2012

ALTEX

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Section: Cell-based Methods For the Detection Of Toxic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Looking For New Robust Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards tailored assays for cell-based approaches to toxicity testing

Rossini

2012

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“…Although most bioassays are less expensive and do not need proficient personnel and equipment, the lower sensitivity than the instrumental methods is the major technical drawback. In a broad sense, the in vitro bioassays can be grouped into antibody-based immunological assays and receptorbased functional assays, with the latter further categorized into enzyme assays using purified enzyme, receptor assays using tissue homogenates, cytotoxicity assays using live mammalian cells, and molecular probing techniques [10,44]. The classical in vivo mouse bioassay is the established benchmark technique used as a regulatory method for toxin analysis.…”

Section: Established and Newly Developed Bioassays For Algal Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Techniques for Detecting and Monitoring Algal Toxins and Causative Harmful Algal Blooms

2014

J Environ Anal Chem

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The detection and monitoring techniques for algal toxins and the causative harmful algal blooms (HABs) are essential for the protection of aquatic lives, shellfish safety, drinking water quality, and public health. Toward the development of fast, easy, and reliable techniques, much progress has been made during the last decade for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of algal toxins. This review highlights the recent progress and new trends of these analytical and monitoring tools, ranging from in-situ quick screening protocols for the monitoring of algal blooms to mass spectrometric analysis of trace levels of various algal toxins and structural elucidation. Solid-phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) deployed in the field for the passive sampling of algal toxins has been recently validated, and improved ELISA-based methods with lower detection limits for more toxins have become commercially available for both screening and routine monitoring purposes. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with several recent mass spectrometric innovations has expanded our understanding of traditional toxins, their metabolites along with newly discovered toxins of ecological importance. Several established in vivo and in vitro bioassays will continue to be used as benchmark toxicological testing of algal toxins; however, newly emerged molecular probing techniques such as real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) have extended our ability to trace algal toxins from causative organisms at the molecular level. New chemical and biological sensors, lab-on-chip and remote sensing of blooms being developed will hold promise for early warning and routine monitoring to better manage and protect our freshwater, coastal and marine resources from adverse impact by harmful algal blooms.

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“…Chemical analytical methods such as chromatographic or electrophoretic techniques and mass spectrometry are now widely employed for the detection of marine toxins (Quilliam, 2003). The large variety of functional and structural assays for phycotoxin monitoring are unfortunately mainly targeted to a specific toxin or selected group of toxins and, therefore, do not provide a broad spectrum screening (Rossini, 2005). Furthermore, interference by nonspecific matrix effects or limited availability of standard reference materials may also impair the application of these techniques for general routine measurement (Campbell et al, 2007).…”

Section: Marine Toxins (Mt) and Mass Occurrence Of Toxigenic Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting marine hazardous substances and organisms: sensors for pollutants, toxins, and pathogens

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Marine environments are influenced by a wide diversity of anthropogenic and natural substances and organisms that may have adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. Real-time measurements of pollutants, toxins, and pathogens across a range of spatial scales are required to adequately monitor these hazards, manage the consequences, and to understand the processes governing their magnitude and distribution. Significant technological advancements have been made in recent years for the detection and analysis of such marine hazards. In particular, sensors deployed on a variety of mobile and fixed-point observing platforms provide a valuable means to assess hazards. In this review, we present state-of-the-art of sensor technology for the detection of harmful substances and organisms in the ocean. Sensors are classified by their adaptability to various platforms, addressing large, intermediate, or small areal scales. Current gaps and future demands are identified with an indication of the urgent need for new sensors to detect marine hazards at all scales in autonomous real-time mode. Progress in sensor technology is expected to depend on the development of small-scale sensor technologies with a high sensitivity and specificity towards target analytes or organisms. However, deployable systems must comply with platform requirements as these interconnect the three areal scales. Future developments will include the integration of existing methods into complex and operational sensing systems for a comprehensive strategy for long-term monitoring.Correspondence to: O. Zielinski (oliver.zielinski@imare.de)The combination of sensor techniques on all scales will remain crucial for the demand of large spatial and temporal coverage.

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Functional assays in marine biotoxin detection

Cited by 52 publications

References 44 publications

Towards tailored assays for cell-based approaches to toxicity testing

Towards tailored assays for cell-based approaches to toxicity testing

Current Techniques for Detecting and Monitoring Algal Toxins and Causative Harmful Algal Blooms

Detecting marine hazardous substances and organisms: sensors for pollutants, toxins, and pathogens

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