Functional Assessment and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaires: Measurement Invariance Across Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites

Sayegh, Philip; Knight, Bob G.

doi:10.1093/geront/gnt026

Cited by 31 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Future research should compare across Hispanic cultures. Additionally, although previous work has found measurement variance in the Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ) 31 when comparing assessment of Hispanic and non-Hispanics, to our knowledge there has not been the work done on the BDRS or FAQ. Hence, future research may need to focus on differences/similarities in patterns of factor loadings to ensure that the assessment results are fairly comparable for both groups.…”

Section: 4 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Increased Reporting Accuracy of Alzheimer Disease Symptoms in Caribbean Hispanic Informants

Azar

Zhu

DeFeis

et al. 2017

Alzheimer Disease &Amp; Associated Disorders

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INTRODUCTION Informant report of symptoms is essential for diagnosing and characterizing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Differences in the perception and experience of dementia across ethnicities may influence informant report. Understanding such differences is critical given that among those with AD, Hispanics are disproportionately affected. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses examined informant report of cognitive and functional symptoms in mild AD across Caucasian (n=107) and Caribbean Hispanic (n=71) informants. To explore its accuracy, informant report of symptoms was compared against objective measures of patient performance. RESULTS Adjusted analyses revealed Hispanics reported more symptoms than Caucasian informants. Informant report of symptoms was inversely correlated with patients’ global cognition in both ethnic groups. Only Hispanic report of symptoms was significantly associated with memory and language performance. DISCUSSION Informant report of symptoms was associated with patients’ global cognition, reflecting relatively accurate informant reports in both ethnic groups, and was stronger in Hispanics when examining memory and language. Such differences may reflect cultural caregiving practices and perceptions of dementia, having implications for diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: 4 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Increased Reporting Accuracy of Alzheimer Disease Symptoms in Caribbean Hispanic Informants

Azar

Zhu

DeFeis

et al. 2017

Alzheimer Disease &Amp; Associated Disorders

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“…This instrument can be used meaningfully within and across Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites to measure informant-reported dementia symptomatology. 23 The instrument used in our study, the NPI-Q as mentioned above, is an abbreviated version of the NPI and was administered by an experienced research assistant to knowledgeable informants (caregivers), who were asked to rate the presence and the severity of each of the 12 symptoms on the scale during the previous month: agitation/aggression, dysphoria/depression, irritability/lability, apathy/indifference, anxiety, disinhibition, aberrant motor behavior, delusions, hallucinations, euphoria/ elation, nighttime behavioral disturbances, and appetite/eating disturbances. Informants are asked to respond "yes" (present) or "no" (absent) to each screening question, and to either proceed to the next question if the answer is "no" or to rate the symptoms that are present consistently in the last 4 weeks if the answer is "yes."…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Ethnic Differences in the Severity of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

Salazar¹,

Dwivedi²,

Royall³

2017

JNP

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In this cross-sectional study, we examined the neuropsychiatric profile of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Data were available on 875 controls, 339 MCI cases, and 975 AD participants. Surprisingly, differences in neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) severity by ethnicity in subjects with AD, but not with MCI, were found. More so, in Hispanics with AD, a higher frequency in most of the individual NPI-Q symptom items of the scale was observed, except for apathy. After adjustment for clinical features, some individual NPI-Q symptoms also showed an association with Hispanic ethnicity in the control group that nearly reached statistical significance. There may be cross-ethnic differences in the neuropsychiatric presentation of AD in Hispanics versus non-Hispanic whites. Future studies are needed to clarify the etiology of these differences, and to assess the need for ethnicity-specific treatment and care-giving interventions.

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“…The FAQ was first validated on a sample of 195 older adults between the ages 61 to 91 years residing in a stable retirement community. Sayegh and Knight (2013b) recently confirmed the ethnic-group configural (i.e., number [1] of factors) and factorial (i.e., pattern of factor loadings) invariance of this scale using a similar sample of English-speaking Hispanic and non-Hispanic White outpatients. The Cronbach’s alpha values for the FAQ in this sample were .97 for Hispanics and .96 for non-Hispanic Whites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Neuropsychological Language Tests in Dementia Diagnosis in English-Speaking Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Outpatients

Sayegh

2015

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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Neuropsychological language tests have limitations (e.g., unrepresentative norms) when applied to “Hispanics” of which clinicians are likely aware that may lead to inaccurate dementia diagnoses. Therefore, it was hypothesized that language tests would be weaker diagnostic predictors in Hispanics versus “non-Hispanic Whites.” Participants included 436 English-speaking Hispanic and 436 non-Hispanic White (randomly selected from 10,937) outpatients classified as dementia or normal cognition at initial evaluation. When covarying for age, sex, education, and functional abilities, vegetable fluency significantly predicted diagnosis among non-Hispanic Whites, odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval [0.69, 0.94], p < .01. Animal fluency and an abbreviated (30-item) Boston Naming Test (BNT) comparably predicted diagnosis across groups. Results remained similar when covarying for primary language among Hispanics. Findings suggest that vegetable but not animal fluency was relatively unimportant in diagnosis for the English-speaking Hispanics in this study possibly because of cultural influences on the familiarity, salience, and relevance of this category’s items. Additionally, clinicians may have informally adjusted Hispanics’ 30-item BNT and animal fluency scores and discounted vegetable fluency to account for their limitations. Animal fluency and BNT may be preferable language tests when assessing dementia in English across groups, as they comparably predicted diagnosis in both groups.

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Functional Assessment and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaires: Measurement Invariance Across Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Increased Reporting Accuracy of Alzheimer Disease Symptoms in Caribbean Hispanic Informants

Increased Reporting Accuracy of Alzheimer Disease Symptoms in Caribbean Hispanic Informants

Cross-Ethnic Differences in the Severity of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

Neuropsychological Language Tests in Dementia Diagnosis in English-Speaking Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Outpatients

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