Functional assessment of total hip arthroplasty using inertial measurement units: Improvement in gait kinematics and association with patient‐reported outcome measures

Abstract

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are commonly used for gait assessment, yet their potential for quantifying improvements in gait function and patterns after total hip arthroplasty (THA) has not been fully explored. The primary aim of this study was to compare spatiotemporal parameters and sagittal plane kinematic patterns of patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) before and after THA, and to asymptomatic controls.The secondary aim was to assess the association between dynamic hip range of motion (ROM) during walking and the Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (HOOS).Twenty-four patients with hip OA and 24 matched asymptomatic controls completed gait analyses using the RehaGait ® sensor system. Patients were evaluated pre-and 1 year postoperatively, controls in a single visit. Differences in kinematic data were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping, and correlations between dynamic hip ROM and HOOS were calculated. Walking speed and stride length significantly increased (+0.08 m/s, p = 0.019; +0.06 m, p = 0.048) after THA but did not reach the level of asymptomatic controls (−0.11 m/s, p = 0.028; −0.14 m, p = 0.001). Preoperative hip and knee kinematics differed significantly from controls.After THA, they improved significantly and did not differ from controls. Dynamic hip flexion-extension ROM correlated positively with all HOOS subscores (r > 0.417; p ≤ 0.001). The change in HOOS symptoms in patients was explained by the combination of baseline HOOS symptoms and change in dynamic hip ROM (r 2 = 0.748) suggesting that the additional information gained with IMU gait analysis helps to complement and objectify patient-reported outcome measures pre-and postoperatively and monitor treatment-related improvements.

Inertial Sensors for Hip Arthroplasty Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review

“…In this question, we answer the types of inertial sensors taken into account in assessing motion in hip arthroplasty from studies conducted between 2010 and 2023. The authors [21,23] argue that the most commonly used inertial sensors for assessing motion in hip arthroplasty are the IMU (inertial measurement unit).…”

“…Refs. [9,13,[21][22][23]29,31,33,37] indicate that the functions allow measurement of the force at the hip joint during movement, evaluation of the implant position, and measurement of the velocity and acceleration of movement in three axes, as well as analysis of the movement patterns to detect any abnormal deviations.…”

“…Refs. [9,12,21] argue that (1) the data collected is used to analyze gait symmetry, hip joint range of motion, and other important clinical indicators related to recovery after surgery. (2) It is mentioned that dual sonification is used to help the patient improve gait rhythm and symmetry.…”

“…Refs. [9,12,21] argue that (1) inertial sensors are useful and applicable tools for gait classification. (2) The sensor data produces a sound representing the patient's movement that can help improve their gait technique.…”

“…In this scoping review, according to [12,21,23], we found the following advantages of applying inertial sensors in hip arthroplasty. (1) Collect gait data in a real-world environment without requiring a specialized laboratory.…”