Functional Autonomic Innervation of Mammalian Cardiac Pacemaker during the Perinatal Period

Vlk, Jaroslav; Vincenzi, Frank F.

doi:10.1159/000240938

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Seven-day old rabbits and guinea pigs display adult cholinergic responsiveness to stimulation (Vlk and Vincenzi, 1977). Neonatal rabbits, however, seem to display some functional deficiency of adrenergic innervation as manifested by lack of blood pressure increase and heart rate decrease after asphyxiation.…”

Section: Postnatal Electrophysiology Of the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histochemical studies suggest that ventricular innervation develops later than that of the atria in the rat (De Champlain et al, 1970). The cholinergic innervation is also structurally and functionally immature at birth in the rat heart (Truex et al, 1955;Winckler, 1969;Vlk and Vincenzi, 1977;Horackova et al, 2000). Neuropeptide Y and tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerve fibers are reported to increase rapidly during the first 2 weeks postnatally and reach adult levels by the third week (Nyquist-Battie et al, 1994).…”

Section: Comparative Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are marked species differences in the development of functional innervation of the heart in the perinatal period (Vlk and Vincenzi, 1977). At birth, the rat heart is quite immature functionally and requires several weeks to mature.…”

Section: Postnatal Electrophysiology Of the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Postnatal anatomical and functional development of the heart: A species comparison

Hew

Keller²

2003

Birth Defects Research Pt B

121

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Section: Postnatal Electrophysiology Of the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparative Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Postnatal anatomical and functional development of the heart: A species comparison

Hew

Keller²

2003

Birth Defects Research Pt B

121

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“…Egbert and Katona (7) have shown in the kitten that, even if heart rate is higher during REM sleep than during quiet (NREM) sleep, there is development of a parasympathetic dominance with age during normal, unchallenged sleep. A possible effect of the maturation of the cardiac pacemaker itself cannot be well addressed from our study as it was cross-sectional and has rarely, if ever, been resolved in animal models (20). However, studies of pharmacologically denervated hearts in kittens or other mammals have shown that the intrinsic rate changes are species dependent and can be associated with an heart rate increase (7, 2 1-23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Maturation on Heart Rate Response to Ocular Compression Test during Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Human Infants

Ramet

Praud

et al. 1988

Pediatr Res

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“…Moreover, the study of the development of autonomic activity is complicated by interspecies differences in rates of sympathetic and parasympathetic development (21 ), state of maturity of neurohumoral control at the time of birth (22), and the extent of development of the organ system that is innervated (23). Whether the parasympathetic nervous system is mature in the early postnatal period in the dog or in man is controversial ( 13,16,17,(24)(25)(26) .a., superfusion with Jso and Ach 10-1 M; X, superfusion with Iso and Ach 10-…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Changes in the Interactions of Cholinergic and β-Adrenergic Agonists on Electrophysiologic Properties of Canine Cardiac Purkinje Fibers

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. The parasympathetic nervous system attenuates the effects of sympathetic interventions on the hearts of mature animals. Whereas the vagal mediator, acetylchoIine (ACh}, alone has minor effects on electrophysiologic properties of the ventricular conducting system, in the presence of sympathetic amines, it induces an accentuated antagonism. Because there are developmental changes in both sympathetic and parasympathetic effects on the heart we studied the parasympathetic and sympathetic interaction in isolated neonatal canine Purkinje fibers (PF), and compared the results to those in adult PF. PF were exposed to isoproterenol (Iso) alone (1 x 10-9 , 1 x 10-7 and 1 x 10-s M) to ACh alone (1 x 10-7 or 1 x 10-s M) and to Iso in the presence of ACh. In adult PF, superfusion with Iso, 10-s M, alone shortened action potential duration to 50% repolarization from a control value of 215 ± 9 to 200 ± 9 ms (p < 0.01). Simultaneous superfusion of adult PF with Iso 10-s M and Ach 10-s M decreased the extent of action potential shortening produced by Iso, so that action potential duration to 50 % repolarization shortened from a control value of 221 ± 8 to only 214 ± 12 ms (p < 0.01). The response to superfusion with Iso and Ach (lo-s M) differed significantly from that with Iso alone (p < 0.01). In contrast, exposure of neonatal PF to Iso (10-s M) prolonged action potential duration to 50 % repolarization from a control value of 157 ± 7 to 180 ± 5 ms (p < 0.01). No inhibition of the effect of Iso by Ach (10-7 or 10-s M) was observed in neonatal PF. At neither age did ACh, alone exert a significant effect. Our data suggest that accentuated ~ntagonism is not _present in young animals having an immature autonomic nervous system, but that it occurs subsequent to maturation. (Pediatr Res 20: 613-618, 1986) The interactions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems have l~mg been an area of interest. For example, Rosenblueth and Simone (I) found that the absolute reduction in heart rate produced by a vagal stimulus in anesthetized cats was greater when the basal heart rate previously had been incre~sed by sympathetic stimulation. Further study of this interaction_ has le? to the concept of accentuated antagonism (2, 3); 1.e. stimulation of parasympathetic efferent nerves has little depressant effect on heart rate or contractility; but the greater !he background level of sympathetic activity, the more profound 1s the depressant effect of a given vagal stimulus ( 4-7). The net result of the inhibitory effect of cholinergic activation is not simpl)'. an algebraic sum of _the respective activities of the sympathe!ic and parasympathetic nervous systems; but is greater in magnitude as sympathetic activation is increased (2, 8, 9).There were two reasons for performing the present study. First alth~:mg~ Ach _inhibits the electrophysiologic effects of sympa~ thetic stimulation of adult canine PF (I 0-12), and the effects of cholinergic input depend on the prevailing level of sympathetic activity (2, 8, 9), we are not...

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Functional Autonomic Innervation of Mammalian Cardiac Pacemaker during the Perinatal Period

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Postnatal anatomical and functional development of the heart: A species comparison

Postnatal anatomical and functional development of the heart: A species comparison

Effect of Maturation on Heart Rate Response to Ocular Compression Test during Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Human Infants

Developmental Changes in the Interactions of Cholinergic and β-Adrenergic Agonists on Electrophysiologic Properties of Canine Cardiac Purkinje Fibers

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