Functional calibration procedure for 3D knee joint angle description using inertial sensors

State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Spain 2017

“…Currently, this field is being improved by different authors. For example, Dejnabadi et al (2006) and Favre et al (2009) [19,20] have proposed other magnetic and compensation drift algorithms that have been shown to be effective.…”

Motion tracking by sensors for real-time human skeleton animation

“…As we have just got P elbow in (6), we can easily get P wrist by taking (7) into (6). Applying this in to the whole human model, we can get the relation and position of each joint.…”

“…Even though their setup based on upper body suit, another study contributed their research by introducing a novel framework for generating full-body animations controlled by only four 3D accelerometers that are attached to the extremities of a human actor [5]. Favre et alhasproposed a new calibration procedure adapted for the joint coordinate system (JCS), which required only inertial measurement units (IMUs) data [6]. Another study presented an Extended Kalman Filter for fusion of inertial and magnetic sensing that is used to estimate relative positions and orientations [7].…”

Automatic detection, extraction and analysis of unrestrained gait using a wearable sensor system

“…This algorithm has been shown to provide effective performance at low computational expense and is as accurate as the Kalman based algorithm [5]. Each sensor unit frame was aligned with the body frame [6] and a technique described in [7], [8] was then applied to the foot, shank, thigh and pelvis segments to measure ankle, knee and hip flexionextension joint angles. In theory, double integration of the acceleration measurements should yield position.…”