Functional Connectivity and Temporal Variability of Brain Connections in Adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Barttfeld, Pablo; Petroni, Agustín; Báez, Sandra; Urquina, Hugo; Sigman, Mariano; Cetkovich, Marcelo; Torralva, Teresa; Torrente, Fernando; Lischinsky, Alicia; Castellanos, Xavier; Manes, Facundo; Ibáñez, Agustín

doi:10.1159/000356964

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Conversely, connectivity analysis based on EEG represent a powerful tool to overcome this temporal limitation and, thus, to evaluate the dynamics of brain networks through the fast coupling of their elements (Cohen, 2011; Barttfeld et al, 2013, 2014; Melloni et al, 2015). A previous work from our group assessed connectivity of post-feedback interoception with EEG but comparing the metacognitive awareness of subjects related to their interoceptive learning skills (Canales-Johnson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention, in and Out: Scalp-Level and Intracranial EEG Correlates of Interoception and Exteroception

et al. 2017

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Interoception, the monitoring of visceral signals, is often presumed to engage attentional mechanisms specifically devoted to inner bodily sensing. In fact, most standardized interoceptive tasks require directing attention to internal signals. However, most studies in the field have failed to compare attentional modulations between internally- and externally-driven processes, thus probing blind to the specificity of the former. Here we address this issue through a multidimensional approach combining behavioral measures, analyses of event-related potentials and functional connectivity via high-density electroencephalography, and intracranial recordings. In Study 1, 50 healthy volunteers performed a heartbeat detection task as we recorded modulations of the heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) in three conditions: exteroception, basal interoception (also termed interoceptive accuracy), and post-feedback interoception (sometimes called interoceptive learning). In Study 2, to evaluate whether key interoceptive areas (posterior insula, inferior frontal gyrus, amygdala, and somatosensory cortex) were differentially modulated by externally- and internally-driven processes, we analyzed human intracranial recordings with depth electrodes in these regions. This unique technique provides a very fine grained spatio-temporal resolution compared to other techniques, such as EEG or fMRI. We found that both interoceptive conditions in Study 1 yielded greater HEP amplitudes than the exteroceptive one. In addition, connectivity analysis showed that post-feedback interoception, relative to basal interoception, involved enhanced long-distance connections linking frontal and posterior regions. Moreover, results from Study 2 showed a differentiation between oscillations during basal interoception (broadband: 35–110 Hz) and exteroception (1–35 Hz) in the insula, the amygdala, the somatosensory cortex, and the inferior frontal gyrus. In sum, this work provides convergent evidence for the specificity and dynamics of attentional mechanisms involved in interoception.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention, in and Out: Scalp-Level and Intracranial EEG Correlates of Interoception and Exteroception

et al. 2017

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“…We recorded resting-state high-density electroencephalography (EEG) signals during a ten-minute resting-state protocol 33–35 using a Biosemi Active-two 128-channel system. The protocol’s duration guaranteed at least five minutes of artifact-free signal per subject.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards affordable biomarkers of frontotemporal dementia: A classification study via network’s information sharing

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Martorell

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Developing effective and affordable biomarkers for dementias is critical given the difficulty to achieve early diagnosis. In this sense, electroencephalographic (EEG) methods offer promising alternatives due to their low cost, portability, and growing robustness. Here, we relied on EEG signals and a novel information-sharing method to study resting-state connectivity in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and controls. To evaluate the specificity of our results, we also tested Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The classification power of the ensuing connectivity patterns was evaluated through a supervised classification algorithm (support vector machine). In addition, we compared the classification power yielded by (i) functional connectivity, (ii) relevant neuropsychological tests, and (iii) a combination of both. BvFTD patients exhibited a specific pattern of hypoconnectivity in mid-range frontotemporal links, which showed no alterations in AD patients. These functional connectivity alterations in bvFTD were replicated with a low-density EEG setting (20 electrodes). Moreover, while neuropsychological tests yielded acceptable discrimination between bvFTD and controls, the addition of connectivity results improved classification power. Finally, classification between bvFTD and AD patients was better when based on connectivity than on neuropsychological measures. Taken together, such findings underscore the relevance of EEG measures as potential biomarker signatures for clinical settings.

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“…To calculate network measures from FC, we applied the same procedure used in previously published works [82], [87]–[89]. This methodology involves converting the weighted functional matrices into binary undirected ones by applying a threshold T on the correlation value to determine the cutoff at which two ROIs are connected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do You Feel when You Can't Feel Your Body? Interoception, Functional Connectivity and Emotional Processing in Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

et al. 2014

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Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder (DD) typically manifests as a disruption of body self-awareness. Interoception −defined as the cognitive processing of body signals− has been extensively considered as a key processing for body self-awareness. In consequence, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are systematic differences in interoception between a patient with DD and controls that might explain the disembodiment symptoms suffered in this disease. To assess interoception, we utilized a heartbeat detection task and measures of functional connectivity derived from fMRI networks in interoceptive/exteroceptivo/mind-wandering states. Additionally, we evaluated empathic abilities to test the association between interoception and emotional experience. The results showed patient's impaired performance in the heartbeat detection task when compared to controls. Furthermore, regarding functional connectivity, we found a lower global brain connectivity of the patient relative to controls only in the interoceptive state. He also presented a particular pattern of impairments in affective empathy. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental research that assesses the relationship between interoception and DD combining behavioral and neurobiological measures. Our results suggest that altered neural mechanisms and cognitive processes regarding body signaling might be engaged in DD phenomenology. Moreover, our study contributes experimental data to the comprehension of brain-body interactions and the emergence of self-awareness and emotional feelings.

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Functional Connectivity and Temporal Variability of Brain Connections in Adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Cited by 53 publications

References 55 publications

Attention, in and Out: Scalp-Level and Intracranial EEG Correlates of Interoception and Exteroception

Attention, in and Out: Scalp-Level and Intracranial EEG Correlates of Interoception and Exteroception

Towards affordable biomarkers of frontotemporal dementia: A classification study via network’s information sharing

How Do You Feel when You Can't Feel Your Body? Interoception, Functional Connectivity and Emotional Processing in Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

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