Functional connectivity explains how neuronavigated TMS of posterior temporal subregions differentially affect language processing

Vasileiadi, Maria; Schuler, Anna‐Lisa; Woletz, Michael; Linhardt, David; Windischberger, Christian; Tik, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2023.06.014

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The positive areas, located mainly in the pSTG in the non‐PLA group, may represent the classical language area. Several fMRI studies using naming tasks in healthy individuals have demonstrated that the left pSTG activation was robust and that the SMG activation was limited (Gkiatis et al, 2022 ; Smitha et al, 2017 ; Vasileiadi et al, 2023 ). Therefore, we speculate that the relatively wider distribution of language areas that include the areas around the pSMG reported in previous studies on DES reflects functional reorganization in patients with tumors in the PLA (Sarubbo et al, 2020 ; Tate et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More widespread functionality of posterior language area in patients with brain tumors

Nakajima,

Osada,

Kinoshita

et al. 2024

Human Brain Mapping

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Damage to the posterior language area (PLA), or Wernicke's area causes cortical reorganization in the corresponding regions of the contralateral hemisphere. However, the details of reorganization within the ipsilateral hemisphere are not fully understood. In this context, direct electrical stimulation during awake surgery can provide valuable opportunities to investigate neuromodulation of the human brain in vivo, which is difficult through the non‐invasive approaches. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of the cortical reorganization of the PLA within the ipsilateral hemisphere. Sixty‐two patients with left hemispheric gliomas were divided into groups depending on whether the lesion extended to the PLA. All patients underwent direct cortical stimulation with a picture‐naming task. We further performed functional connectivity analyses using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a subset of patients and calculated betweenness centrality, an index of the network importance of brain areas. During direct cortical stimulation, the regions showing positive (impaired) responses in the non‐PLA group were localized mainly in the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG), whereas those in the PLA group were widely distributed from the pSTG to the posterior supramarginal gyrus (pSMG). Notably, the percentage of positive responses in the pSMG was significantly higher in the PLA group (47%) than in the non‐PLA group (8%). In network analyses of functional connectivity, the pSMG was identified as a hub region with high betweenness centrality in both the groups. These findings suggest that the language area can spread beyond the PLA to the pSMG, a hub region, in patients with lesion progression to the pSTG. The change in the pattern of the language area may be a compensatory mechanism to maintain efficient brain networks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awake brain surgery: toward optimal cognitive explorations

Salillas,

De Pellegrin,

Semenza

2024

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Fortunately, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), by mimicking lesions through temporary and precisely noninvasive stimulation, provides a valuable alternative for assessing rapid adaptation. Elucidating the potential for flexible adaptation, a widespread mechanism in brain networks, can gain crucial insights into the functional specificity and interactions between the dorsal and ventral pathways in visual word recognition (Vasileiadi et al, 2023). Inhibitory TMS over the left IPL demonstrated delayed responses in phonological tasks and reduced activation in the bilateral supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and frontal operculum (Hartwigsen et al, 2010, 2017), while the inhibitory stimulation of the left ATL led to maladaptive changes in semantic performance (Ueno et al, 2018; Woollams et al, 2017), functional activation and connectivity of the left ATL accompanied by increased right ATL activation (Jung & Lambon Ralph, 2016, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct parallel activation and interaction between dorsal and ventral pathways during phonological and semantic processing: A cTBS‐fMRI study

Luo,

Wang,

Jiao

et al. 2024

Human Brain Mapping

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Successful visual word recognition requires the integration of phonological and semantic information, which is supported by the dorsal and ventral pathways in the brain. However, the functional specialization or interaction of these pathways during phonological and semantic processing remains unclear. Previous research has been limited by its dependence on correlational functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) results or causal validation using patient populations, which are susceptible to confounds such as plasticity and lesion characteristics. To address this, the present study employed continuous theta‐burst stimulation combined with fMRI in a within‐subject design to assess rapid adaptation in regional activity and functional connectivity of the dorsal and ventral pathways during phonological and semantic tasks. This assessment followed the precise inhibition of the left inferior parietal lobule and anterior temporal lobe in the dorsal and ventral pathways, respectively. Our results reveal that both the dorsal and ventral pathways were activated during phonological and semantic processing, while the adaptation activation and interactive network were modulated by the task type and inhibited region. The two pathways exhibited interconnectivity in phonological processing, and disruption of either pathway led to rapid adaptation across both pathways. In contrast, only the ventral pathway exhibited connectivity in semantic processing, and disruption of this pathway alone resulted in adaptive effects primarily in the ventral pathway. These findings provide essential evidence supporting the interactive theory, phonological information processing in particular, potentially providing meaningful implications for clinical populations.

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Functional connectivity explains how neuronavigated TMS of posterior temporal subregions differentially affect language processing

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

More widespread functionality of posterior language area in patients with brain tumors

More widespread functionality of posterior language area in patients with brain tumors

Awake brain surgery: toward optimal cognitive explorations

Distinct parallel activation and interaction between dorsal and ventral pathways during phonological and semantic processing: A cTBS‐fMRI study

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