Functional connectivity of the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal gyrus in humans

Du, Jingnan; Rolls, Edmund T.; Cheng, Wei; Liu, Yu; Gong, Weikang; Qiu, Jiang; Feng, Jianfeng

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2019.10.012

Cited by 106 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This investigation provides evidence in a very large population that impairments in cognitive function including prospective memory, numeric memory, and fluid intelligence are associated with hypertension; that functional connectivity reductions especially involving the hippocampus and some related areas such as the parahippocampal gyrus, temporal cortex, prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and gyrus rectus (part of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex [38] ) are associated with a history of hypertension; and that these reduced functional connectivities mediate the impairments in prospective memory. The participants were drawn from the general population (mainly 37–73 years old).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Hypertension is associated with reduced hippocampal connectivity and impaired memory

et al. 2020

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Background The objective was a large-scale analysis of the relation between hypertension, memory problems, and brain function. Methods The study design was to measure the association between a history of hypertension, and the functional connectivity between 94 brain regions, and prospective and numeric memory, in 19,507 participants from the UK Biobank, with cross-validation in 1,002 participants in the Human Connectome Project, and 13,441 individuals in the second release of the UK Biobank. A history of hypertension was measured by whether individuals were admitted to hospital for the treatment of hypertension, with the control group admissions for other reasons. Findings A history of hypertension was associated with reduced functional connectivity of the hippocampus, and with reduced prospective memory score (FDR correction p <0.01). The reduced functional connectivity mediated the association between the hypertension history and the prospective memory score. A graded linear relation between both the hippocampal functional connectivity and memory impairment, was found across a wide range of blood pressure ( r =-0.04). In 502,537 participants from the UK Biobank, a history of hypertension was associated with impaired prospective memory ( p = 9.1 × 10 −41 , Cohen's d =-0.08) and numeric memory ( p = 4.7 × 10 −24 , Cohen's d =-0.10). The association between hypertension, functional connectivity, and impaired memory was cross-validated with 1,002 participants from the Human Connectome Project; and for functional connectivity in 13,441 individuals in the second release of the UK Biobank imaging dataset. Interpretation The reduced functional connectivity of the hippocampus, and the memory impairments, both related to hypertension across a wide range of blood pressure, are important for clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Hypertension is associated with reduced hippocampal connectivity and impaired memory

et al. 2020

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“…Umami taste stimuli, for example, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and which represent what is described as the taste of protein, activate similar human taste cortical regions as those activated by a prototypical taste stimulus, glucose (de Araujo, Kringelbach, Rolls, & Hobden, ). The anterior cingulate cortex, which receives inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex (Du et al, ; Rolls, ; Rolls et al, ), was also activated. Addition of the nucleotide 0.005 M inosine 5′‐monophosphate (IMP) to MSG (0.05 M), produced supralinear additivity in the BOLD (blood oxygenation‐level dependent) signal in an anterior part of the orbitofrontal cortex, reflecting the enhancement subjectively that occurs of umami taste that occurs when IMP is added to MSG.…”

Section: Activation Of the Human Brain By Oral Signals Including Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, this pregenual cingulate region is also implicated in the control of autonomic function (Critchley, Wiens, Rotshtein, Ohman, & Dolan, ; Rolls, ). The human anterior cingulate cortex can also be activated by many hedonically relevant stimuli, including chemosensory and somatosensory stimuli (Du et al, ; Grabenhorst et al, ; Grabenhorst & Rolls, ; McCabe & Rolls, ; McCabe, Rolls, Bilderbeck, & McGlone, ; Rolls, , , ; Rolls & Grabenhorst, ; Rolls, Grabenhorst, Margot, et al, ; Rolls, Grabenhorst, & Parris, ; Rolls & McCabe, ; Small et al, ; Zald et al, ; Zatorre, Jones‐Gotman, & Rouby, ).…”

Section: Activation Of the Human Brain By Oral Signals Including Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The texture and taste of food in the brain

Rolls

2019

Journal of Texture Studies

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Oral texture is represented in the brain areas that represent taste, including the primary taste cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the amygdala. Some neurons represent viscosity, and their responses correlate with the subjective thickness of a food. Other neurons represent fat in the mouth, and represent it by its texture not by its chemical composition, in that they also respond to paraffin oil and silicone in the mouth. The discovery has been made that these fat-responsive neurons encode the coefficient of sliding friction and not viscosity, and this opens the way for the development of new foods with the pleasant mouth feel of fat and with health-promoting designed nutritional properties. A few other neurons respond to free fatty acids (such as linoleic acid), do not respond to fat in the mouth, and may contribute to some "off" tastes in the mouth. Some other neurons code for astringency. Others neurons respond to other aspects of texture such as the crisp fresh texture of a slice of apple versus the same apple after blending. Different neurons respond to different combinations of these texture properties, oral temperature, taste, and in the orbitofrontal cortex to olfactory and visual properties of food. In the orbitofrontal cortex, the pleasantness and reward value of the food is represented, but the primary taste cortex represents taste and texture independently of value. These discoveries were made in macaques that have similar cortical brain areas for taste and texture processing as humans, and complementary human functional neuroimaging studies are described.

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“…In our study, we confirmed a statistically significant effect in the medial part of the brain by removing the physiological noise. Several imaging studies have been focused on the medial prefrontal regions, anterior cingulate gyri, or inferior temporal gyrus ( Bush et al, 2000 ; Su et al, 2015 ; Marek et al, 2018 ; Du et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2019 ) including the DMN ( McKiernan et al, 2003 ; Greicius et al, 2009 ). These areas have reportedly major functions in emotion, meditation, relaxation, and mindfulness routines that are accompanied by manipulation of the breathing technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Rate and Respiration Affect the Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network in Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2020

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A growing number of brain imaging studies show functional connectivity (FC) between regions during emotional and cognitive tasks in humans. However, emotions are accompanied by changes in physiological parameters such as heart rate and respiration. These changes may affect blood oxygen level-dependent signals, as well as connectivity between brain areas. This study aimed to clarify the effects of physiological noise on the connectivity between areas related to the default mode network using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Healthy adult volunteers (age range: 19-51 years, mean age: 26.9 ± 9.1 years, 8 males and 8 females) underwent rs-fMRI for 10 min using a clinical 3T scanner (MAGNETOM Trio A Tim System, Siemens) with simultaneously recorded respiration and cardiac output. Physiological noise signals were subsequently removed from the acquired fMRI data using the DRIFTER toolbox. Image processing and analysis of the FC between areas related to the default mode network were performed using DPARSF. Network-Based Statistic (NBS) analysis of the functional connectome of the DMN and DMN-related area was used to perform three groups of comparison: without physiological noise correction, with cardiac noise correction, and with cardiac and respiratory noise correction. NBS analysis identified 36 networks with significant differences in three conditions in FC matrices. Post hoc comparison showed no differences between the three conditions, indicating that all three had the same networks. Among the 36 networks, strength of FC of 8 networks was modified under physiological noise correction. Connectivity between left and right anterior medial frontal regions increased strength of connectivity. These areas are located on the medial cerebral hemisphere, close to the sagittal sinus and arteries in the cerebral hemispheres, suggesting that medial frontal areas may be sensitive to cardiac rhythm close to arteries. The other networks observed temporal regions and showed a decrease in

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Functional connectivity of the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal gyrus in humans

Cited by 106 publications

References 40 publications

Hypertension is associated with reduced hippocampal connectivity and impaired memory

Hypertension is associated with reduced hippocampal connectivity and impaired memory

The texture and taste of food in the brain

Heart Rate and Respiration Affect the Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network in Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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