Functional connectivity when detecting rare visual targets in schizophrenia

Jimenez, Amy M.; Lee, Jung‐Hee; Green, Michael F.; Wynn, Jonathan K.

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.01.007

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Deficient cortical auditory processing, emotional motivation, beliefs, cognitive bias, intentional alteration of attention to auditory inputs and insight might be related with auditory cortex abnormalities (43,44). In addition, the mPFCs were associated with selective attentional and executive networks (45), and hyper-connectivity between the left STG and mPFC may reflect increased coupling in higher cognitive networks for auditory processing. The mPFC and PCC are components of the default mode network, and dysconnectivity in this network may reflect self-referential thought disorders (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Intrinsic oscillations of auditory networks in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Atagün¹

2019

Dusunen Adam

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Objective: Several types of evidence have shown that auditory networks are dysfunctional in schizophrenia (Sch) and bipolar disorders (BD). Auditory cortices show abnormalities in hallucinations or during remission. This study aimed to assess resting-state connectivity of auditory cortices in Sch and BD. Method: Patients with BD-1 (n=28), BD-2 (n=21), Sch (n=30), and healthy controls (HC, n=30) were enrolled into the study. A 3 Tesla whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system with a 32-channel phase-array head coil was used to acquire the MRI data. T1-weighted anatomical and gradient-echo based Echoplanar Imaging sequences were used. MATLAB and Freesurfer software packages were used for data analyses. Connectivity alterations within the auditory network guided our further seedbased connectivity analysis. Results: The left angular gyrus volume was decreased in Sch and BD-2 groups. The supramarginal gyrus had hyperconnectivity with the medial prefrontal cortices and decreased connectivity with the medial superior temporal gyrus (STG) in the BD-1 and BD-2 groups. The left superior temporal sulcus (STS) had increased connectivity with the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex in BD-1 and BD-2 and increased connectivity with the dorsal prefrontal cortices in the Sch group. The STS had increased connectivity with the medial STG in the BD-1 and Sch groups, whereas connectivity decreased in the BD-2 group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that functional connectivity of resting-state networks are altered in BD and Sch. Auditory network alterations may predispose to dysfunctional auditory information processing. Further studies are needed to determine the relationship between symptoms and auditory network dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Intrinsic oscillations of auditory networks in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Atagün¹

2019

Dusunen Adam

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“…In visual attention and motor learning tasks, patients had reduced activation in the dorsal neocortical visual attention network (65). In a visual oddball task, connectivity between the right IPS (intraparietal sulcus) and right anterior insula (AI, a component of the ventral network) was significantly decreased in schizophrenic patients (66). In an N-back task, patients with schizophrenia had decreased inhibitory self-connections within the DAN regions, particularly in the left FEF and the left SPL (67).…”

Section: Dorsal Attention Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Principles of Electroconvulsive Therapy Based on Correlations of Schizophrenia and Epilepsy: A View From Brain Networks

Guo

et al. 2019

Front. Neurol.

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was established based on Meduna's hypothesis that there is an antagonism between schizophrenia and epilepsy, and that the induction of a seizure could alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia. However, subsequent investigations of the mechanisms of ECT have largely ignored this originally established relationship between these two disorders. With the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), brain-network studies have demonstrated that schizophrenia and epilepsy share common dysfunctions in the default-mode network (DMN), saliency network (SN), dorsal-attention network (DAN), and central-executive network (CEN). Additionally, fMRI-defined brain networks have also been shown to be useful in the evaluation of the treatment efficacy of ECT. Here, we compared the ECT-induced changes in the pathological conditions between schizophrenia and epilepsy in order to offer further insight as to whether the mechanisms of ECT are truly based on antagonistic and/or affinitive relationships between these two disorders.

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Cannabis Use Linked to Altered Functional Connectivity of the Visual Attentional Connectivity in Patients With Psychosis and Controls

Sami

McCutcheon

Williams

et al. 2020

Schizophrenia Bulletin Open

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Background Both chronic cannabis use and psychotic disorders are associated with abnormalities in visual attentional processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we sought to determine whether there would be a difference in functional connectivity in patients and controls with and without a history of cannabis use in the visual and dorsal attention networks. Methods Resting-state fMRI data were acquired in patients with early psychosis with (EPC = 29) and without (EPNC = 25); and controls with (HCC = 16) and without (HCNC = 22) cannabis use. Results There was a patient effect in both Visual-Dorsal Attention Internetwork (F(1,87) = 5.326, P = .023) and the Visual Network (F(1,87) = 4.044, P = .047) and a cannabis effect in the Dorsal Attention Network (F(1,87) = 4.773, P = .032). These effects were specific to the networks examined with no evidence for significant patient or cannabis effects in other canonical networks. Patients with a history of cannabis use showed increased connectivity in the Dorsal Attention Network (134%, P = .019) and Visual Dorsal Attention Internetwork (285%, P = .036) compared to non-using controls. In the EPC group connectivity of the Visual Network (ρ = 0.379, P = .042) and Visual-Dorsal Attention Internetwork (ρ = 0.421, P = .023) correlated with visual hallucinations which were significantly different from EPNC (P = .011). Dorsal attention network strength correlated with severity of dependence for cannabis (ρ = 0.215, P = .04). Conclusion We demonstrate specific cannabis and patient effects in networks associated with visual attentional processing. There is a differential association with hallucinatory symptoms in patients with and without a history of cannabis use. This may indicate that dysconnectivity in these networks serves different roles in the context of cannabis use.

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Functional connectivity when detecting rare visual targets in schizophrenia

Cited by 4 publications

References 84 publications

Intrinsic oscillations of auditory networks in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Intrinsic oscillations of auditory networks in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

The Principles of Electroconvulsive Therapy Based on Correlations of Schizophrenia and Epilepsy: A View From Brain Networks

Cannabis Use Linked to Altered Functional Connectivity of the Visual Attentional Connectivity in Patients With Psychosis and Controls

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