Functional Gut Microbiota Remodeling Contributes to the Caloric Restriction-Induced Metabolic Improvements

Fabbiano, Salvatore; Suárez-Zamorano, Nicolas; Chevalier, Claire; Lazarević, Vladimir; Kieser, Silas; Rigo, Dorothée; Leo, Stefano; Veyrat-Durebex, Christelle; Gaïa, Nadia; Maresca, Marcello; Merkler, Doron; Agüero, Mercedes Gomez de; Macpherson, Andrew J.; Schrenzel, Jacques; Trajkovski, Mirko

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.08.005

Cited by 188 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Loss of appetite is also reported after human influenza virus and RSV infection (Monto et al, 2000;Widmer et al, 2012). Reduced calorie intake in humans and mice has been associated with a significant increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes abundance (Ley et al, 2006;Fabbiano et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018), similar to that observed in our prior viral infection study. This suggests that changes in the gut microbiota seen after respiratory viral infection might be driven by reduced food intake.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Respiratory viral infection alters the gut microbiota by inducing inappetence

Groves

Higham

Moffatt

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The gut microbiota has an important role in health and disease. Respiratory viral infections are extremely common but their impact on the composition and function of the gut microbiota is poorly understood. We previously observed a significant change in the gut microbiota after viral lung infection. Here we show that weight loss during Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) or influenza virus infection was due to decreased food consumption, and that fasting mice independently of infection altered gut microbiota composition. While the acute phase TNF-α response drove early weight loss and inappetence during RSV infection, this was not sufficient to induce changes in the gut microbiota. However, depleting CD8 + cells increased food intake and prevented weight loss resulting in a reversal of the gut microbiota changes normally observed during RSV infection. Viral infection also led to changes in the faecal gut metabolome during RSV infection, with a significant shift in lipid metabolism. Sphingolipids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) valerate all increased in abundance in the faecal metabolome following RSV infection. Whether this, and the impact of infection-induced anorexia on the gut microbiota, are part of a protective, anti-inflammatory response during respiratory viral infections remains to be determined.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Respiratory viral infection alters the gut microbiota by inducing inappetence

Groves

Higham

Moffatt

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Candidate mechanisms could involve tissueautonomous and tissue-independent processes. For instance, DR remodels the gut microbiome, which causally contributes to metabolic reprogramming in liver and WAT 44,45 . Loss of DR-essential microbiome species during ageing under AL feeding could thus render mice refractory to late-onset DR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nutritional memory impairs survival, transcriptional and metabolic response to dietary restriction in old mice

Hahn

Nguyẽ̂n

Tatsuta

et al. 2019

Preprint

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A nutritional memory impairs survival, transcriptional and metabolic response to dietary restriction in old mice Abstract Dietary restriction (DR) during adulthood can greatly extend lifespan and improve metabolic health in diverse species. However, whether DR in mammals is still effective when applied for the first time at old age remains elusive. Here, we conducted a late-life DR switch experiment employing 800 mice, by switching old animals from ad libitum (AL) to DR and vice versa. Strikingly, the switch from DR-to-AL acutely increased mortality, while the switch from AL-to-DR caused only a weak and gradual increase in survival, highlighting a memory of earlier nutrition. A significant association between fat preservation and survival response pointed to the white adipose tissue (WAT) as a potential memory source. Consistently, post-switch RNA-seq profiling in liver and WAT demonstrated that the transcriptional and metabolic program of chronic DR remained largely refractory to the AL-to-DR switch specifically in adipose tissue. Integration of lipidomics confirmed impaired membrane lipogenesis and limited mitochondrial copy number increase under late-life DR as functional consequences of this memory effect. Together, our results provide evidence for a nutritional memory as a limiting factor for DR-induced longevity and metabolic remodeling of WAT in mammals.

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“…Gut microbiota influences fatty acid oxidation, lipogenesis, satiety, and metabolic endotoxemia. Effects of gut bacteria on risk for CVD, and T2D is inconsistent, and these effects are mediated via metabolites such as short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secondary bile acids, LPS, and trimethylamine (TMA) . Of these, TMA produced by gut bacteria through choline, phosphatidylcholine, and l ‐carnitine can be oxidized to TMA N‐oxide (TMAO).…”

Section: Impact Of Gut Microbiota On Obesity and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Anthocyanins in Obesity‐Associated Inflammation and Changes in Gut Microbiome

Jayarathne

Stull

Park

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Obesity is a complex disease and a major public health epidemic. Chronic, low‐grade inflammation is a common underlying feature of obesity and associated metabolic diseases; adipose tissue is a major contributor to this systemic inflammation. Evidence shows that obesity‐associated inflammation may originate from gut dysfunction, including changes in intestinal bacteria or microbiome profiles. Increasingly, food and plant bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties are proposed to ameliorate obesity‐associated inflammation. Among these, the health‐promoting effects of anthocyanin‐rich foods are of interest here. Specifically, this review summarizes the reported benefits of anthocyanins in obesity‐associated inflammation and underlying molecular mechanisms, including the role of gut microbiome and cell signaling pathways regulated by anthocyanins both in vivo and in vitro.

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Functional Gut Microbiota Remodeling Contributes to the Caloric Restriction-Induced Metabolic Improvements

Cited by 188 publications

References 62 publications

Respiratory viral infection alters the gut microbiota by inducing inappetence

Respiratory viral infection alters the gut microbiota by inducing inappetence

A nutritional memory impairs survival, transcriptional and metabolic response to dietary restriction in old mice

Protective Effects of Anthocyanins in Obesity‐Associated Inflammation and Changes in Gut Microbiome

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