Functional Implications of Changes in the Senescent Brain: A Review

Beck, Charles H.M.

doi:10.1017/s0317167100024203

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…22]. This corresponds well with the loss of neurons [2] and the deterioration of den drites and synapses [33], events which are known to occur in vertebrate cortex. Wheth er the rise in the polar Gxib and G0lb fraction is due to a decrease in the catabolic activity of the neuraminidase or whether it is correlated to a specific change in the number of nerve cells during ontogenetic growth is still an open question.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Brain Gangliosides during the Life Span (Embryogenesis to Senescence) of the Rat

Hilbig¹,

Lauke²,

Rahmann³

1983

Dev Neurosci

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The concentration of gangliosides, sialoglycoproteins and proteins was studied in the whole brains and single brain structures (cortex, olfactory bulb, corpora quadrigemina region ≙ midbrain, cerebellum, thalamic region and oblongated medulla) of female rats from 14 developmental stages ranging from day 8 of gestation to more than 3 years of age. The content of protein- and ganglioside-bound neuraminic acid showed a peak at 3 weeks of age and then decreased with aging, whereas that of proteins increased until senescence. All over the life span the developmental profiles of 12 individual gangliosides in the different brain structures (cortex, corpora quadrigemina region ≙ midbrain, cerebellum, thalamic region, medulla) and in whole brain samples were followed. There are distinct differences between the brain structures. Additionally each brain region is characterized by specific developmental ganglioside profiles. However, some ganglioside changes are common to all regions: G_D3 in general is a marker for cell division and migration, whereas the polar ganglioside fractions G_Q1b and G_P1 are characteristic for nerve cell sprouting and arborization. Especially in the cortex G_D1a seems to be the marker for synaptogenesis and G_M1 and G_M4 for myelination. The results were discussed in view of the main morphological patterns of differentiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Brain Gangliosides during the Life Span (Embryogenesis to Senescence) of the Rat

Hilbig¹,

Lauke²,

Rahmann³

1983

Dev Neurosci

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“…This explanation cor responds well with the loss of neurons [2,3,7,11] and the deterioration of dendrites and synapses [5,27,28], events which are known to occur in the aging human brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Changes in the Concentration and Composition of Human Brain Gangliosides with Aging

Segler-Stahl

Webster

Brunngraber³

1983

Gerontology

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Ganglioside content and composition were studied in whole brains from 9 neurologically normal male individuals ranging from 25 to 85 years in age. The content of ganglioside-bound sialic acid decreased from 1,070 to 380 μg/g fresh tissue at 85 years. Ten individual ganglioside fractions were identified on high-performance thin-layer chromatography, seven of which were quantified. With age, ganglioside composition shifted to a more polar pattern due to an increase in the relative concentration of the more polar fractions GQ1b, GT1b and GD1b and a decrease in GD1 a and GM1. Except for GQ1b, the absolute concentration of all gangliosides decreased with age. All changes were more pronounced in younger ages. Results are discussed in relation to structural changes occurring in the aging brain, and the involvement of gangliosides is suggested.

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“…It is known that aging is accompanied by a reduction of neurotransmitter function, especially the monoamines (Beck, 1978;Kent, 1976;McGeer & McGeer, 1980;Nies, Robinson, Davis, & Ravaris, 1973) and by the loss of horizontal dendrites, which may have inhibitory properties (Scheibel & Scheibel, 1975). The time increase demonstrated by our older Ss on the interference task could be another behavioral measure of inhibitory difficulty in the elderly; that is, problems with the Stroop interference task may represent deficits in inhibiting input of one stimulus dimension (words) while one is attending to a second stimulus characteristic (color).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related decrements in stroop color test performance

1984

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Administered a modified Stroop Color‐Word Test to 80 healthy males aged 21‐90 years as part of a study of neuropsychological functioning. No age differences were demonstrated on simple reading tasks; however, significant age effects were observed for the color naming and interference tasks (ps < 001). Ss in the oldest age groups (61‐70 and 71‐90 years) performed more slowly than younger individuals on both of these. Of a variety of tests administered, performance on the Stroop Test was most affected by age. Because impairment on Stroop color naming and interference tests appears to be a concomitant of normal aging, caution should be exercised when one is interpreting Stroop test results from older patients with suspected cerebral dysfunction.

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Functional Implications of Changes in the Senescent Brain: A Review

Cited by 20 publications

References 128 publications

Brain Gangliosides during the Life Span (Embryogenesis to Senescence) of the Rat

Brain Gangliosides during the Life Span (Embryogenesis to Senescence) of the Rat

Changes in the Concentration and Composition of Human Brain Gangliosides with Aging

Age-related decrements in stroop color test performance

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