Functional integration of mirror neuron system and sensorimotor cortex under virtual self-actions visual perception

Fan, Hao; Luo, Zhizeng

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113784

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Thus, motor-cognitive interaction can enhance neuroplasticity and motor learning to a greater degree than simple repetitive motor task learning [ 36 ]. In this way, the VR-based visual perception of the body induces changes in neural connections that promote the integration between the mirror neuron system and the sensorimotor cortex [ 37 ]. The importance of mirror neurons lies in the possibility to predict both the goal of the action and the possible sequence of steps to reach that goal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treadmill Training Plus Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from a Pilot Study

Pullia,

Ciatto,

Andronaco

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders that causes postural instability and gait alterations, such as reduced walking speed, shorter step length, and gait asymmetry, exposing patients to a higher risk of falling. Recently, virtual reality (VR) was added to a treadmill, in order to promote motor functional recovery and neuroplastic processes. Twenty PD patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG). In particular, patients in the EG were trained with the C-Mill, an innovative type of treadmill, which is equipped with semi-immersive VR, whereas the CG performed conventional physiotherapy. Patients in both groups were evaluated through a specific motor assessment battery at baseline (T0) and after the training (T1). Comparing pre-(T0) and post-(T1) treatment scores, in the EG, we found statistical significances in the following outcome measures: 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT) (p < 0.0005), Timed up and go (TUG right) (p < 0.03), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (p < 0.006), Tinetti Scale (TS) (p < 0.002), Falls Efficacy Scale- International (FES-I), (p < 0.03) Unified PD Rating Scale-III (UPDRS) (p < 0.002), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) (p < 0.004). Also, the CG showed statistical significances after the training. Between-group (EG and CG) analysis showed significative statistical differences in 6MWT (p < 0.006), BBS (p < 0.006), TS (p < 0.008), FES-I (p < 0.01), and FIM (p < 0.009). From our results it emerges that both groups (EG and CG) achieved better outcome scores after the treatment, suggesting that both physiotherapy interventions were effective. However, the EG training using VR seemed to have induced more improvements, especially in gait and balance skills. Then, C-Mill could be a valid adjunctive treatment in the context of gait and balance disturbances, which are very common in the PD population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treadmill Training Plus Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from a Pilot Study

Pullia,

Ciatto,

Andronaco

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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“…Li took Xiamen University as the research object, summarized the visual preferences of tourists using network big data, selected eye movement experimental stimuli for eye movement exploratory analysis, and analyzed the visual perceptions of tourists in combination with questionnaire data [17]. Fan examined the changes in visual perception in VR (Virtual Reality) scenes by collecting EEG (electroencephalogram) data [18]. Jose analyzed the changes in visual perception in patients with liver cirrhosis in the early stage by recording the electroencephalograms of 89 patients with liver cirrhosis [19].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning for Visual Perception Quantification

Xiao,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The main application scenario for wearable sensors involves the generation of data and monitoring metrics. fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) allows the nonintrusive monitoring of human visual perception. The quantification of visual perception by fNIRS facilitates applications in engineering-related fields. This study designed a set of experimental procedures to effectively induce visible alterations and to quantify visual perception in conjunction with the acquisition of Hbt (total hemoglobin), Hb (hemoglobin), and HbO2 (oxygenated hemoglobin) data obtained from HfNIRS (high-density functional near-infrared spectroscopy). Volunteers completed the visual task separately in response to different visible changes in the simulated scene. HfNIRS recorded the changes in Hbt, Hb, and HbO2 during the study, the time point of the visual difference, and the time point of the task change. This study consisted of one simulated scene, two visual variations, and four visual tasks. The simulation scene featured a car driving location. The visible change suggested that the brightness and saturation of the car operator interface would change. The visual task represented the completion of the layout, color, design, and information questions answered in response to the visible change. This study collected data from 29 volunteers. The volunteers completed the visual task separately in response to different visual changes in the same simulated scene. HfNIRS recorded the changes in Hbt, Hb, and HbO2 during the study, the time point of the visible difference, and the time point of the task change. The data analysis methods in this study comprised a combination of channel dimensionality reduction, feature extraction, task classification, and score correlation. Channel downscaling: This study used the data of 15 channels in HfNIRS to calculate the mutual information between different channels to set a threshold, and to retain the data of the channels that were higher than those of the mutual information. Feature extraction: The statistics derived from the visual task, including time, mean, median, variance, extreme variance, kurtosis, bias, information entropy, and approximate entropy were computed. Task classification: This study used the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors) algorithm to classify different visual tasks and to calculate the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores. Scoring correlation: This study matched the visual task scores with the fluctuations of Hbt, Hb, and HbO2 and observed the changes in Hbt, Hb, and HbO2 under different scoring levels. Mutual information was used to downscale the channels, and seven channels were retained for analysis under each visual task. The average accuracy was 96.3% ± 1.99%; the samples that correctly classified the visual task accounted for 96.3% of the total; and the classification accuracy was high. By analyzing the correlation between the scores on different visual tasks and the fluctuations of Hbt, Hb, and HbO2, it was found that the higher the score, the more obvious, significant, and higher the fluctuations of Hbt, Hb, and HbO2. Experiments found that changes in visual perception triggered changes in Hbt, Hb, and HbO2. HfNIRS combined with Hbt, Hb, and HbO2 recorded by machine learning algorithms can effectively quantify visual perception. However, the related research in this paper still needs to be further refined, and the mathematical relationship between HfNIRS and visual perception needs to be further explored to realize the quantitative study of subjective and objective visual perception supported by the mathematical relationship.

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“…Mirror therapy is a kind of motor representation training based on action observation, visual imagery and imitation learning [ 8 ]. During the training process, a mirror device is used to copy the image of the activity of the healthy side of the limb to the affected side, and the patient stimulates the main motor cortex of the human brain through such visual feedback, which affects the electrical activity and excitability of the cortex and promotes brain function remodeling and induces motor function recovery [ 9 ]. Mirror neurons are specialized neurons with mapping functions, visual connectivity, and motor feedback; mirror neurons are activated both when performing motor tasks and when observing the same movements; therefore, mirror neurons are considered to be an important neural basis for understanding movements, imitating behaviors, language learning, and attention shifting [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of mirror therapy for post-stroke aphasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Peng,

Huang,

Yang

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Aphasia is one of the most common complications of stroke. Mirror therapy (MT) is promising rehabilitation measure for the treatment of post-stroke aphasia. Although some studies suggested that MT is effective and safe for aphasia, the effects and safety remain uncertain due to lacking strong evidence, such as the relevant systematic review and meta- analysis. Methods This study will search PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), WANFANG, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), from inception to 1th May 2023 to identify any eligible study. No language or date of publication shall be limited. We will only include randomised controlled trials of MT in the Treatment of poststroke aphasia. Two investigators will work separately on the study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment. The western aphasia battery (WAB) and aphasia quotient (AQ) will be included as the main outcomes. Boston diagnostic aphasia examination method (BDAE), Chinese standard aphasia examination (CRRCAE) will be included as the secondary outcomes. The statistical analysis will be conducted by RevMan V.5.4 software. The risk of bias of included studies will be assessed by the Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool. The quality of proof of the results will be evaluated by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. Results The finding will be presented in a journal or related conferences. Conclusion This study will provide a basis for whether mirror therapy (MT) is effective and safe in the treatment of post-stroke aphasia. Trial registration Systematic review registration INPLASY registration number: INPLASY 202340054.

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Functional integration of mirror neuron system and sensorimotor cortex under virtual self-actions visual perception

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Treadmill Training Plus Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from a Pilot Study

Treadmill Training Plus Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality in Parkinson’s Disease: Results from a Pilot Study

High-Density Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning for Visual Perception Quantification

Efficacy and safety of mirror therapy for post-stroke aphasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

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