Functional MR Imaging Evidence of Altered Functional Activation in Metabolic Syndrome

Hoth, Karin F.; Gonzales, Mitzi M.; Tarumi, Takashi; Miles, S. C.; Tanaka, Hiroto; Haley, Andreana P.

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2315

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Consistent with our results, a similar pattern of cortical change was described in a previous study of type 2 diabetes, which reported a loss of cortical gray matter in the insula and the left hemisphere (Moran et al 2013). In a functional imaging study, MS was associated with a significantly lower task-related BOLD response in the right superior frontal gyrus, right superior parietal lobule, and left inferior parietal lobule, despite intact global cognitive performance (Hoth et al 2011). In contrast, higher functional activation in the right superior parietal lobule was associated with better task performance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, only a few studies on the regional distribution of brain atrophy in MS have been reported so far. These studies of small, selected samples have reported that MS is associated with early alterations in the structural and functional changes of the brain (Segura et al 2009;Hoth et al 2011). Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between MS and changes in cerebral white matter integrity (Segura et al 2009;Sala et al 2014), no study to date has evaluated either cortical thickness or subcortical volumes in MS using MRI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Regional cortical thickness and subcortical volume changes in patients with metabolic syndrome

Song

Chung

Rho

et al. 2014

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and changes in the integrity of cerebral white matter, no study has evaluated cortical thickness or subcortical volumes in MS with MRI. The purpose of our study was to investigate changes in cortical thickness and subcortical volume in an asymptomatic MS population. A total of 86 asymptomatic subjects (40 patients with MS and 46 subjects without MS) underwent 3T brain MRI scanning, and cortical thickness was compared between the groups across multiple locations. The subcortical volumes were also compared on a structure-by-structure basis. ANCOVA adjusted for age, education, total intracranial volume (TIV), and gender revealed significant volume reductions in the right nucleus accumbens in the MS group compared with the control group. The MS group showed a significant reduction in mean cortical thickness and volume in both hemispheres compared with controls. A group comparison analysis of the regional cortical thickness between the two groups also revealed significant reductions in cortical thickness in the MS group in the left insular, superior parietal, postcentral, entorhinal, and right superior parietal cortices compared with those of the control group (all comparisons p < 0.05, FDR corrected). We demonstrated a significant reduction in cortical and subcortical areas in MS patients, especially in areas involved in body weight control and cognitive function. Our results suggest an initial neurodegenerative process according to metabolic syndrome even in the preclinical stage, and further prospective studies are required to evaluate this process.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Regional cortical thickness and subcortical volume changes in patients with metabolic syndrome

Song

Chung

Rho

et al. 2014

Brain Imaging and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The final study samples were diverse (less than 60% non-Hispanic Caucasian), well educated (average education level = 15 years), and cognitively intact (average Mini-Mental State Examination score, MMSE > 26 out of 30). We found that the intensity of working memory-related brain activation diminished with the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders as early as midlife, even when cognitive performance was still within normal limits [11,12,22,25,30]. These disorders included obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and frank cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Early Markers Of Brain Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Lower brain activity in expected taskrelated brain regions [11,12,24,25], greater brain activity in expected task-related brain regions [15,17,19], significant recruitment of unexpected brain regions [43,44], and suspension of unrelated brain activity [22,23] have all been reported among normally performing at-risk individuals. Ubiquitous interpretations of diminished BOLD response to a cognitive challenge as both cognitive efficiency and impairment have limited our ability to extrapolate mechanisms through interpretations of isolated fMRI findings.…”

Section: Vascular and Nonvascular Mechanisms Of Cognitive Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As evidenced by the widely used exercise stress test, dysfunction in physiological systems is more likely to manifest when the system is taxed. Thus, we have used functional brain response to a cognitive challenge as an intermediate phenotype of early brain vulnerability in many of our studies [11,13,[24][25][26]. We chose a verbal working memory 2-back task (Figure 1).…”

Section: Early Markers Of Brain Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular Functions and Brain Integrity in Midlife: Effects of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Haley

2014

Advances in Vascular Medicine

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Intact cognitive function is the best predictor of quality of life and functional ability in older age. Thus, preventing cognitive decline is central to any effort to guarantee successful aging for our growing population of elderly. The purpose of the work discussed in this outlook paper is to bridge knowledge from basic and clinical neuroscience with the aim of improving how we understand, predict, and treat age-and disease-related cognitive impairment. Over the past six years, our research team has focused on intermediate neuroimaging phenotypes of brain vulnerability in midlife and isolating the underlying physiological mechanisms. The ultimate goal of this work was to pave the road for the development of early interventions to enhance cognitive function and preserve brain integrity throughout the lifespan.

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Aberrant patterns of default‐mode network functional connectivity associated with metabolic syndrome: A resting‐state study

et al. 2019

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IntroductionMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of three or more cardiovascular risk factors (RF), including hypertension, obesity, high cholesterol, or hyperglycemia. MetS and its component RFs are more prevalent in older age, and can be accompanied by alterations in brain structure. Studies have shown altered functional connectivity (FC) in samples with individual RFs as well as in clinical populations that are at higher risk to develop MetS. These studies have indicated that the default mode network (DMN) may be particularly vulnerable, yet little is known about the overall impact of MetS on FC in this network.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the integrity of FC to the DMN in participants with MetS relative to non‐MetS individuals. Using a seed‐based connectivity analysis approach, resting‐state functional MRI (fMRI) data were analyzed, and the FC measures among the DMN seed (isthmus of the cingulate) and rest of the brain voxels were estimated.ResultsParticipants with MetS demonstrated reduced positive connectivity between the DMN seed and left superior frontal regions, and reduced negative connectivity between the DMN seed and left superior parietal, left postcentral, right precentral, right superior temporal and right superior parietal regions, after accounting for age‐ and sex‐effects.ConclusionsOur results suggest that MetS is associated with alterations in FC between the DMN and other regions of the brain. Furthermore, these results indicate that the overall burden of vascular RFs associated with MetS may, in part, contribute to the pathophysiology underlying aberrant FC in the DMN.

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Functional MR Imaging Evidence of Altered Functional Activation in Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 28 publications

References 49 publications

Regional cortical thickness and subcortical volume changes in patients with metabolic syndrome

Regional cortical thickness and subcortical volume changes in patients with metabolic syndrome

Vascular Functions and Brain Integrity in Midlife: Effects of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Aberrant patterns of default‐mode network functional connectivity associated with metabolic syndrome: A resting‐state study

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