Functional MRI of dynamic judgments of spatial extent

Hurwitz, Marc; Valadao, Derick; Danckert, James

doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2806-9

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Interestingly, we observed a difference between PR1 and PL1 activity that was very close to significance ( p = 0.077, t (6) = 1.628, one tailed t -test). The real version of the line bisection task was found to activate the right parietal areas in several previous studies (Fink et al, 2000, 2001, 2002; Foxe et al, 2003; Hurwitz et al, 2011). Given the exploratory nature of the present investigation, data analysis shown here was meant to represent only a broad verification of the feasibility of our methodology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…These areas are implicated in visuomotor tasks, that is the case of this study in which participants had to perform hand movements (i.e., using the simulated laser pointer), while they were visually focusing attention to find the center of the lines. Several researchers have found parietal activation during attention, space perception and visuo-spatial tasks, and frequently the paradigm used was the line bisection task (Fink et al, 2000, 2001, 2002; Bjoertomt et al, 2001; Foxe et al, 2003; Thiel et al, 2004; Peers et al, 2005; Waberski et al, 2008; Azañón et al, 2010; Hurwitz et al, 2011; Pisella et al, 2011); and in particular a right parietal lobe predominance (Fink et al, 2000, 2001, 2002; Foxe et al, 2003; Hurwitz et al, 2011). On the other hand, there are few evidences when visuo-spatial tasks are performed during VR simulation (Maguire et al, 1998; Baumgartner et al, 2006; Jeong et al, 2006; Hribar et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An exploratory fNIRS study with immersive virtual reality: a new method for technical implementation

Seraglia¹,

Gamberini²,

Priftis³

et al. 2011

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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For over two decades Virtual Reality (VR) has been used as a useful tool in several fields, from medical and psychological treatments, to industrial and military applications. Only in recent years researchers have begun to study the neural correlates that subtend VR experiences. Even if the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is the most common and used technique, it suffers several limitations and problems. Here we present a methodology that involves the use of a new and growing brain imaging technique, functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), while participants experience immersive VR. In order to allow a proper fNIRS probe application, a custom-made VR helmet was created. To test the adapted helmet, a virtual version of the line bisection task was used. Participants could bisect the lines in a virtual peripersonal or extrapersonal space, through the manipulation of a Nintendo Wiimote ® controller in order for the participants to move a virtual laser pointer. Although no neural correlates of the dissociation between peripersonal and extrapersonal space were found, a significant hemodynamic activity with respect to the baseline was present in the right parietal and occipital areas. Both advantages and disadvantages of the presented methodology are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory fNIRS study with immersive virtual reality: a new method for technical implementation

Seraglia¹,

Gamberini²,

Priftis³

et al. 2011

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…58 The increased metabolism and cortical thickness of these areas could be an adaptive response compensating illiteracy. However, the exact reason for this result is not clear from this study and needs further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Illiteracy on Cognition and Cerebral Morphology in Later Life

Kwon

Yoon

2015

Dement Neurocognitive Disord

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Background and Purpose A better developmental environment has positive effects on brain development. The acquisition of literacy during childhood may affect brain functional organization. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of illiteracy on neuropsychological test results and cerebral morphology in later life. Methods We recruited 7 illiterate elderly farmers who had never attended school and had no reading or writing knowledge. These subjects were compared with 9 literate subjects in terms of neuropsychological performance and brain volume. All subjects were over 65-years-old and had the same regional and occupational background. Results Neuropsychological tests indicated that the performance of the illiterate subjects was worse than that of literate subjects in all cognitive domains except forward digit span, tool-use and tool-free gestures, verbal word recognition, and verbal generation of animals and grocery items. The illiterate group also showed significantly decreased cortical volume and surface area in both parietal lobes. However, the illiterate group showed increased cortical thickness in the left cuneus. Conclusions Literacy acquired in childhood may increase the volume of the parietal lobe and improve neuropsychological performance through the process of brain plasticity. The effects can be lifelong.

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“…Orientation in space becomes a source of confusion. Even finding one's way between rooms can become impossible (Hurwitz et al 2011). Putting on a shirt can become a major challenge.…”

Section: Left Hemisphere Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The poet and the criminal: Dreams, neuroscience and a peculiar way of thinking

Brophy

2014

Text

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Freud's sometimes startlingly acute and complex descriptions of the two realms of waking and sleeping, and his emerging method of analysing dreams in The Interpretation of Dreams (1900) foreshadowed and dramatised some later findings in neuroscience. Neuroscience in turn presents us now with an opportunity to modify and extend our understanding of the kind of thinking that produced Freud's pioneering turn-of-the-century version of the mind, and perhaps revivify our understanding of creativity. If there is validity in the lateralised description of the brain in neuroscience, does this throw light on the process Freud followed as he grappled with the question of establishing the discipline of psychoanalysis through defining a new method of understanding dreams? This essay surveys research findings on brain lateralisation with the aim of identifying a model of the human self composed of two wills never quite in partnership with each other, distinct in their modes of thinking, and potentially disruptive of each other's way of being, requiring a third position (a between-ness) if we are to function to our potential as human beings. This model is then applied to an understanding of Freud's early unresolved conflict between his then model of dreams (in his 1900 book on dreams) as disguised wish fulfillment and his method of dream interpretation that required the empathic practice of listening with a responsive passivity. The essay surveys briefly the history of difficulty the psychoanalytic profession has manifested in recognising the centrality of dreams and the art of dream interpretation with a view to showing that the kind of knowledge important to the arts, knowledge based in the subtleties of intuition, learned skills and proliferating complexity, have been historically undervalued. Finally this essay will propose that rather than considering the self in terms of conscious, preconscious and unconscious realms, or even according to a neurological model of left brain and right brain thinking, it is more useful, as Freud came to understand, to allow for a creative consciousness to emerge as a constantly negotiated state of between-ness, where poet and scientist might meld, where the linguistic and the chthonic recognise and accommodate each other, as they did eventually for Freud. This amounts to an argument for the centrality of poetry to thinking.

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Functional MRI of dynamic judgments of spatial extent

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

An exploratory fNIRS study with immersive virtual reality: a new method for technical implementation

An exploratory fNIRS study with immersive virtual reality: a new method for technical implementation

Effect of Illiteracy on Cognition and Cerebral Morphology in Later Life

The poet and the criminal: Dreams, neuroscience and a peculiar way of thinking

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