Functional MRI of the newborn

Seghier, Mohamed L.; Lazeyras, François; Hüppi, Petra Susan

doi:10.1016/j.siny.2006.07.007

Cited by 56 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Follow-up data also needs to be correlated with the studies investigating the response of the brain to perinatally acquired injury in terms of its ability to revascularize and regenerate tissue, 22 the relocation of control of function, 23-24and the time course of developmental processes in the face of focal lesions. [25][26] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Outcome at Early School Age in Term-Born Children With Perinatally Acquired Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Infarction

Ricci

Mercuri

Barnett

et al. 2008

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-To assess cognitive outcome at early school age in term-born children with middle cerebral arterial (MCA) territory infarction of perinatal onset and examine the correlation between cognitive abilities and the extent of lesions as seen on neonatal MRI, epilepsy, and hemiplegia. Methods-Thirty-one children were seen as newborns with an acutely evolving MCA territory infarction documented on neonatal MRI scan. IQ was assessed (WIPPSI/WISC where appropriate) and they had a standardized neurological examination at early school age. Lesion(s) site was recorded from the neonatal images. Results-Twenty-eight of 31 children were assessed (median age 5.75 range 5.33 to 10.33 years); 1 child died and 2 were abroad. IQ was within the normal range (mean 104, range 82 to 144) in 21 (78%); 1 child did not complete all tests but had a normal PIQ; 3 had a low and 3 an exceptionally low IQ. Verbal IQs were more varied and lower than performance IQs especially in children from multilingual backgrounds. There was no consistent association between cognitive impairment, side, or extent of the MCA lesion. Cognitive impairments were more frequent in children with seizures or hemiplegia. All 6 children with low IQ also had behavioral problems or unusual associated clinical or scan features. Conclusions-In our cohort a low IQ at early school age did not occur in children with the common presentation of neonatal unilateral MCA territory infarction. Cognitive impairment appeared more frequently when an MCA arterial territory infarction, even if relatively small, was associated with other risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Outcome at Early School Age in Term-Born Children With Perinatally Acquired Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Infarction

Ricci

Mercuri

Barnett

et al. 2008

Stroke

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“…Duration of scanning is also reduced due to improved subject tolerance of acquisition ( i.e. , reduced need for repeat acquisition secondary to movement artifact), limiting procedural risk (Barkovich 2006; Seghier, Lazeyras et al 2006). Utilization of age-specific coils with integrated systems has become standard in this population and is necessary for optimal fcMRI image quality.…”

Section: Technical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beginning with Born’s initial description of functional activation in the occipital cortex following administration of a visual stimulus in healthy, term infants (Born, Leth et al 1998), investigations have expanded to define anatomic localization of varied stimulus-driven cerebral functions while incorporating progressively younger populations (Born, Miranda et al 2000; Erberich, Panigrahy et al 2006; Heep, Scheef et al 2009). As outlined below, results from these fMRI studies have defined functional subdivisions of the infant brain, highlighting inherent differences from older pediatric populations and demonstrating discrepancies between infants with and without cerebral injury (Born, Miranda et al 2000; Seghier, Lazeyras et al 2006; Seghier and Huppi 2010). While this information has afforded greater understanding of the mechanisms of normative development for specific cerebral functions, fundamental questions regarding brain development and plasticity remain unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional connectivity MRI in infants: Exploration of the functional organization of the developing brain

2011

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Advanced neuroimaging techniques have been increasingly applied to the study of preterm and term infants in an effort to further define the functional cerebral architecture of the developing brain. Despite improved understanding of the complex relationship between structure and function obtained through these investigations, significant questions remain regarding the nature, location, and timing of the maturational changes which occur during early development. Functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) utilizes spontaneous, low frequency (< 0.1 Hz), coherent fluctuations in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal to identify networks of functional cerebral connections. Due to the intrinsic characteristics of its image acquisition and analysis, fcMRI offers a novel neuroimaging approach well suited to investigation of infants. Recently, this methodology has been successfully applied to examine neonatal populations, defining normative patterns of large-scale neural network development in the maturing brain. The resting-state networks (RSNs) identified in these studies reflect the evolving cerebral structural architecture, presumably driven by varied genetic and environmental influences. Principal features of these investigations and their role in characterization of the tenets of neural network development during this critical developmental period are highlighted in this review. Despite these successes, optimal methods for fcMRI data acquisition and analysis for this population have not yet been defined. Further, appropriate schemes for interpretation and translation of fcMRI results remain unknown, a matter of increasing importance as functional neuroimaging findings are progressively applied in the clinical arena. Notwithstanding these concerns, fcMRI provides insight into the earliest forms of cerebral connectivity and therefore holds great promise for future neurodevelopmental investigations.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of fMRI in healthy newborns and infants at different ages using different passive tasks (Seghier & Huppi, 2010;Seghier et al 2006). These studies have mainly used sensory stimuli in the visual auditory or sensorimotor domain (Born et al 1998;Martin et al 1999;Yamada et al 1997;Muramoto et al 2002).…”

Section: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging of cortical development and brain connectivity in human newborns and animal models

et al. 2010

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Significant human brain growth occurs during the third trimester, with a doubling of whole brain volume and a fourfold increase of cortical gray matter volume. This is also the time period during which cortical folding and gyrification take place. Conditions such as intrauterine growth restriction, prematurity and cerebral white matter injury have been shown to affect brain growth including specific structures such as the hippocampus, with subsequent potentially permanent functional consequences. The use of 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dedicated postprocessing tools to measure brain tissue volumes (cerebral cortical gray matter, white matter), surface and sulcation index can elucidate phenotypes associated with early behavior development. The use of diffusion tensor imaging can further help in assessing microstructural changes within the cerebral white matter and the establishment of brain connectivity. Finally, the use of functional MRI and resting-state functional MRI connectivity allows exploration of the impact of adverse conditions on functional brain connectivity in vivo. Results from studies using these methods have for the first time illustrated the structural impact of antenatal conditions and neonatal intensive care on the functional brain deficits observed after premature birth. In order to study the pathophysiology of these adverse conditions, MRI has also been used in conjunction with histology in animal models of injury in the immature brain. Understanding the histological substrate of brain injury seen on MRI provides new insights into the immature brain, mechanisms of injury and their imaging phenotype.

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Functional MRI of the newborn

Cited by 56 publications

References 56 publications

Cognitive Outcome at Early School Age in Term-Born Children With Perinatally Acquired Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Infarction

Cognitive Outcome at Early School Age in Term-Born Children With Perinatally Acquired Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Infarction

Functional connectivity MRI in infants: Exploration of the functional organization of the developing brain

Neuroimaging of cortical development and brain connectivity in human newborns and animal models

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