Functional nanoparticles in electrospun fibers for biomedical applications

Abstract

Electrospinning provides a facile route for generating fibers with diameters ranging from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. This technology has been widely explored in many biomedical areas including drug delivery systems (DDS), disease diagnosis and treatment, biosensing as well as tissue engineering.However, there are still existing challenges for electrospinning fibers in achieving complex regenerative or reconstructive processes through pure surface modification or simple drug loading. With the rise of nanotechnology, functional nanoparticles (NPs) made by various materials rapidly emerged in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to the objective size difference between NPs and electrospun fibers, doping NPs into electrospun nanofibers makes it possible to produce functional fibers having the inherent merits of both the guest NPs and the host fibers. In this review, we focus on the recent progress in preparing nanoparticle bearing electrospun hybrid fibers for biomedical applications. The organic, inorganic and mesoporous nanoparticles combined with electrospun nanofibers for different biological scenarios with several notable examples were systematically reviewed. Then, we finish with challenges and future perspectives of electrospun hybrid fiber materials for drug delivery and regenerative medicine.

Electrospun fiber‐based immune engineering in regenerative medicine

“…By incorporating immunoregulative components into electrospun fibers, one can effectively extend the releasing duration, exerting a continuous immunoregulative impact on the surrounding microenvironment and facilitating tissue regeneration. 118,119 Oral lichen planus is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disorder that can be treated with topical corticosteroid mouthwashes or sprays. 120 Given this, Said et al fabricated glucocorticoid clobetasol-17-propionate-loaded PVP electrospun fibers to extend the localized immunoregulative effect of corticosteroids to suppress T-cell activation and IL-2 production, thus aiding in successful disease control.…”

“…By incorporating immunoregulative components into electrospun fibers, one can effectively extend the releasing duration, exerting a continuous immunoregulative impact on the surrounding microenvironment and facilitating tissue regeneration 118,119 …”

Electrohydrodynamic Techniques for the Manufacture and/or Immobilization of Vesicles

“…The use of a polymer with pH-selective dissolution as the sheath of these fibers ensured the delivery in the duodenum [ 70 ]. Saiding and Cui [ 71 ] have systematically reviewed some recent hybrid platforms composed of electrospun nanofibers containing different nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Other supramolecular systems, such as micelles, vesicles or liposomes, dendrimers, nanogels, etc., are often used to increase the drug accumulation [ 72 ].…”

Influence of temperature on the total ionizing dose effects in Al2O3-doped optical fibers

“…Silica-based optical fibers are widely employed in optical communication, medical procedures, and sensing due to their low attenuation at infrared (IR) telecom wavelengths [1][2][3]. A vital application scenario is their integration in severe environments distinguished by ionizing or non-ionizing radiation, for example, those encountered in fusion/fission-related facilities, high energy physics facilities, and space missions [4,5].…”