Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) of brain function during active balancing using a video game system

Karim, Helmet T.; Schmidt, Benjamin; Dart, Dwight; Beluk, Nancy; Huppert, Theodore J.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.10.007

Cited by 91 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…51,52 Karim et al showed that playing exergames resulted in a robust hyperemic response in the superior temporal gryus and supramarginal gyrus, 51 indicating that these areas were important for balance. Furthermore, the duration of this response after cessation was prolonged (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) s longer than what would be expected), suggesting an adaptation of the vestibular network in response to the balance task.…”

Section: Participant's Experience Of Exergamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of gaming technology for rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis

Taylor

Griffin

2014

Mult Scler

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Gaming technology -exergaming -is a novel tool to facilitate exercise, improve balance, and encourage rehabilitation training. This review will describe some of the key exergame research to promote physical activity and its use in rehabilitation in other diseases or clinical populations. We will then describe the current state of research in exergaming in people with multiple sclerosis and describe the theories for the mechanism behind some of the improvements in outcomes seen after using exergaming. Lastly, we will identify gaps in the literature and provide directions for future work in this growing area. The current work is contradictory and there is no consensus with regards to training duration/intensity and the outcomes used to assess the clinical effectiveness. This in part is due to the off-the-shelf nature of the games used. A more satisfactory approach would be the development of bespoke games which match a clinical need. Exergames are seen as enjoyable and could be effective in enhancing adherence to rehabilitation. However, the definitive RCT has yet to be carried out comparing exergaming to traditional exercise.

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Section: Participant's Experience Of Exergamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of gaming technology for rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis

Taylor

Griffin

2014

Mult Scler

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“…5 Group mean changes in HbR responses for each task relative to rest. Error bars represent SD Brain Topogr studies remain inconsistent and analyses have focused primarily on HbO data (Cao et al 2015;Karim et al 2013;Karim et al 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Cortex Activity During Functional Motor Skills: An fNIRS Study

2015

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Assessments of brain activity during motor task performance have been limited to fine motor movements due to technological constraints presented by traditional neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a promising method by which to overcome these constraints and investigate motor performance of functional motor tasks. The current study used fNIRS to quantify hemodynamic responses within the primary motor cortex in twelve healthy adults as they performed unimanual right, unimanual left, and bimanual reaching, and stepping in place. Results revealed that during both unimanual reaching tasks, the contralateral hemisphere showed significant activation in channels located approximately 3 cm medial to the C3 (for right-hand reach) and C4 (for left-hand reach) landmarks. Bimanual reaching and stepping showed activation in similar channels, which were located bilaterally across the primary motor cortex. The medial channels, surrounding Cz, showed significantly higher activations during stepping when compared to bimanual reaching. Our results extend the viability of fNIRS to study motor function and build a foundation for future investigation of motor development in infants during nascent functional behaviors and monitor how they may change with age or practice.

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“…Regardless of whether an FIR or canonical design matrix is assumed, the values of β (e.g., brain activity) can be estimated by the inversion of X in Eq. (6). The Gauss-Markov equation for the unbiased ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator is…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because it is non-ionizing and non-confining, fNIRS is particularly well suited for non-invasive studies in children or infants. In addition, the portability of fNIRS and its ability to record brain signals during moderate subject movement has allowed its use during various tasks such as walking [3,4], balance [5][6][7], or social interaction [8], which otherwise could not be imaged by conventional fMRI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoregressive model based algorithm for correcting motion and serially correlated errors in fNIRS

Barker

Aarabi

Huppert

2013

Biomed. Opt. Express

276

334

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Abstract:Systemic physiology and motion-induced artifacts represent two major sources of confounding noise in functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) imaging that can reduce the performance of analyses and inflate false positive rates (i.e., type I errors) of detecting evoked hemodynamic responses. In this work, we demonstrated a general algorithm for solving the general linear model (GLM) for both deconvolution (finite impulse response) and canonical regression models based on designing optimal pre-whitening filters using autoregressive models and employing iteratively reweighted least squares. We evaluated the performance of the new method by performing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses using synthetic data, in which serial correlations, motion artifacts, and evoked responses were controlled via simulations, as well as using experimental data from children (3-5 years old) as a source baseline physiological noise and motion artifacts. The new method outperformed ordinary least squares (OLS) with no motion correction, wavelet based motion correction, or spline interpolation based motion correction in the presence of physiological and motion related noise. In the experimental data, false positive rates were as high as 37% when the estimated p-value was 0.05 for the OLS methods. The false positive rate was reduced to 5-9% with the proposed method. Overall, the method improves control of type I errors and increases performance when motion artifacts are present.

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Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) of brain function during active balancing using a video game system

Cited by 91 publications

References 33 publications

The use of gaming technology for rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis

The use of gaming technology for rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis

Motor Cortex Activity During Functional Motor Skills: An fNIRS Study

Autoregressive model based algorithm for correcting motion and serially correlated errors in fNIRS

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