Functional neuroimaging in Tourette syndrome

Rickards, Hugh

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.07.024

Cited by 54 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Functional imaging in TS remains somewhat in its infancy [23]. A variety of techniques have been used, including ligand studies, which investigate the potential role of various neurotransmitters (eg, dopamine, serotonin) in the pathophysiology of TS, and region-of-interest studies, which investigate differences in regional blood flow or cerebral metabolism in TS patients compared with controls.…”

Section: Functional Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of techniques have been used, including ligand studies, which investigate the potential role of various neurotransmitters (eg, dopamine, serotonin) in the pathophysiology of TS, and region-of-interest studies, which investigate differences in regional blood flow or cerebral metabolism in TS patients compared with controls. Ligand studies have not revealed consistent patterns of neurotransmitter function in TS, and in some cases have suffered from methodologic problems (eg, inclusion of a mixture of untreated patients and patients on neuroleptic medication) [23]. Several region-of-interest studies using positron emission tomography and single photon emission CT revealed abnormalities of left striatal blood flow/ metabolism in TS patients compared with controls [23].…”

Section: Functional Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ligand studies have not revealed consistent patterns of neurotransmitter function in TS, and in some cases have suffered from methodologic problems (eg, inclusion of a mixture of untreated patients and patients on neuroleptic medication) [23]. Several region-of-interest studies using positron emission tomography and single photon emission CT revealed abnormalities of left striatal blood flow/ metabolism in TS patients compared with controls [23].…”

Section: Functional Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on Tourette Syndrome

Kimber

2010

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Recent advances in our understanding of the phenomenology, etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of Tourette syndrome are discussed. Tourette syndrome appears to involve dysfunction of limbic and somatosensory "traffic" through the basal ganglia, within corticostriatal-thalamocortical circuits. Dynamic alterations in the balance of these inputs may dictate the manifestations (sensory, motor, affective, and behavioral) of the disorder at any given time. Individualized assessment and treatment are the keys to optimal treatment of this condition.

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Section: Functional Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functional Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functional Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on Tourette Syndrome

Kimber

2010

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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“…Common comorbidities include obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There has been much interest in the role of dopamine in TS (Buse et al, 2013;Rickards, 2009;Segura and Strafella, 2013). Over half a century ago, high potency dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) blockers were found to be effective in reducing tics (Abi-Jaoude et al, 2009), and these remain as the agents with the most evidence for efficacy in the pharmacological treatment of tics (Pringsheim et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, dopamine is involved in other movement disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease and Huntingon's Chorea (Buse et al, 2013). It is thus not surprising that the first and most widely studied ligands in receptor nuclear imaging studies in TS have targeted the dopamine system (Rickards, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar striatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability in adults with Tourette syndrome compared with healthy controls: A [¹¹C]‐(+)‐PHNO and [¹¹C]raclopride positron emission tomography imaging study

Abi-Jaoude

Segura

Obeso

et al. 2015

Human Brain Mapping

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Pharmacological and anatomical evidence implicates striatal dopamine receptors in Tourette syndrome (TS). Nevertheless, results of positron emission tomography (PET) studies of the dopamine system in TS have been inconsistent. We investigated striatal D2/3 dopamine receptors in TS using the radioligands [(11) C]raclopride and [(11) C]-(+)-PHNO, an agonist that binds preferentially to D3 receptors, thus allowing higher sensitivity and measurement of receptors in a high affinity state. Eleven adults with TS and 11 matched healthy control (HC) participants underwent [(11) C]raclopride and [(11) C]-(+)-PHNO PET scans. General linear model was used for voxelwise contrasts of striatal binding potentials (BPND ) between TS and HC participants. Analysis of variance was performed to investigate main effect of radioligand. In addition, BPND values were extracted for ventral, motor, and associative striatum. Finally, we examined the relationship between BPND measures and symptom severity in TS participants. Main effects analyses showed that [(11) C]-(+)-PHNO BPND was higher in ventral striatum, whereas [(11) C]raclopride BPND was higher in motor and associative striatum. There were no significant group differences between TS and HC. Furthermore, TS and HC participants had similar [(11) C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11) C]raclopride BPND in the three striatal subregions. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between BPND and symptom severity. TS and HC participants had similar striatal D2/3 receptor availability measures. These results challenge the assumption that striatal dopamine receptors have a major role in the pathophysiology of TS. Consistent with previous findings, [(11) C]-(+)-PHNO localized preferentially to ventral striatal, D3 receptor-rich regions, in contrast to [(11) C]raclopride, which localized preferentially in the dorsal striatum.

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