Functional Neuroimaging of False Memories

Dennis, Nancy A.; Bowman, Caitlin R.; Turney, Indira C.

doi:10.1002/9781118332634.ch8

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The direct contrast between Hits and Critical False Alarms is of interest. As is typically seen (Dennis, Bowman, & Turney, 2015), there were not many differences. Of those that did occur (6 ROIs emerging from the ANOVA) all showed greater activity for hits than for false alarms (see Table 1) and were predominantly left-lateralized, except for activations within the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in the dorsal attention network, which were bilateral.…”

Section: Voxelwise Analysismentioning

confidence: 53%

The parietal memory network activates similarly for true and associative false recognition elicited via the DRM procedure

McDermott

Gilmore

Nelson

et al. 2017

Cortex

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Neuroimaging investigations of human memory encoding and retrieval have revealed that multiple regions of parietal cortex contribute to memory. Recently, a sparse network of regions within parietal cortex has been identified using resting state functional connectivity (MRI techniques). The regions within this network exhibit consistent task-related responses during memory formation and retrieval, leading to its being called the parietal memory network (PMN). Among its signature patterns are: deactivation during initial experience with an item (e.g., encoding); activation during subsequent repetitions (e.g., at retrieval); greater activation for successfully retrieved familiar words than novel words (e.g., hits relative to correctly-rejected lures). The question of interest here is whether novel words that are subjectively experienced as having been recently studied would elicit PMN activation similar to that of hits. That is, we compared old items correctly recognized to two types of novel items on a recognition test: those correctly identified as new and those incorrectly labeled as old due to their strong associative relation to the studied words (in the DRM false memory protocol). Subjective oldness plays a strong role in driving activation, as hits and false alarms activated similarly (and greater than correctly-rejected lures).

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Section: Voxelwise Analysismentioning

confidence: 53%

The parietal memory network activates similarly for true and associative false recognition elicited via the DRM procedure

McDermott

Gilmore

Nelson

et al. 2017

Cortex

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“…As noted, prior false memory studies have disagreed about the role of the MTL in mediating false memories (see Dennis et al, 2015 for review). That is, some studies find the MTL to be active for both true and false retrieval (Cabeza et al, 2001; Garoff-Eaton et al, 2006; Kahn et al, 2004; Schacter et al, 1997; Schacter et al, 1996; Stark et al, 2010), whereas others have found MTL activity only for retrieval of true, but not false, memories (Dennis et al, 2008b; Giovanello, Kensinger, Wong, & Schacter, 2009; Kim & Cabeza, 2007b; Paz-Alonso, Ghetti, Donohue, Goodman, & Bunge, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research has found high rates of false alarms for lures that include schema-consistent information (Lampinen, Copeland, & Neuschatz, 2001; Miller & Gazzaniga, 1998; Neuschatz, Lampinen, Preston, Hawkins, & Toglia, 2002; Pezdek, Whetstone, Reynolds, Askari, & Dougherty, 1989), suggesting that schemas may also have a negative influence on verbatim memory. While behavioral and neuroimaging studies have investigated the influence of both semantic and perceptual gist on accurate and illusory memories (for review see Dennis, Bowman, & Turney, 2015; for meta-analysis see Kurkela & Dennis, 2016), it is unclear the extent to which highly schematic scenes elicit similar gist and how this gist supports schema memory, distinct from non-schema memory, nor is it clear the role that schemas play in supporting false distinct from true schematic memory. In addition, different memory processes, such as recollection and familiarity, have been shown to distinctly influence memory retrieval (see Yonelinas, 2002 for review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies examining the neural basis of false retrieval have focused on either semantic false memories or perceptual false memories. Such studies have found substantial overlap in the neural mechanism supporting both true and false memories, including activity throughout the core retrieval network, including bilateral frontal and parietal regions (see Dennis et al, 2015; Kurkela & Dennis, 2016 for reviews), bilateral caudate and insula (e.g., Cabeza, Rao, Wagner, Mayer, & Schacter, 2001; Garoff-Eaton, Slotnick, & Schacter, 2006; Slotnick & Schacter, 2004), lateral temporal cortex (e.g., von Zerssen, Mecklinger, Opitz, & von Cramon, 2001), occipital cortex (Cabeza et al, 2001; Dennis, Bowman, & Peterson, 2014; Garoff-Eaton et al, 2006; Schacter et al, 1996; Stark, Okado, & Loftus, 2010) and hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) (Dennis, Bowman, & Vandekar, 2012; Garoff-Eaton et al, 2006; Iidaka, Harada, Kawaguchi, & Sadato, 2012; Schacter, Buckner, Koutstaal, Dale, & Rosen, 1997; Slotnick & Schacter, 2004; Stark et al, 2010; von Zerssen et al, 2001). While much of this activation has been attributed to engagement of similar reconstructive processes (Cabeza et al, 2001; Dennis et al, 2012; Garoff-Eaton et al, 2006; Gutchess & Schacter, 2012; Kahn, Davachi, & Wagner, 2004; Schacter et al, 1997; Schacter et al, 1996; Slotnick & Schacter, 2004; von Zerssen et al, 2001), as well as retrieval-related evaluation and monitoring processes (Garoff-Eaton et al, 2006; Stark et al, 2010), basic stimulus-driven processes are also believed to account for the large amount of common neural activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What's the gist? The influence of schemas on the neural correlates underlying true and false memories

2016

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The current study used a novel scene paradigm to investigate the role of encoding schemas on memory. Specifically, the study examined the influence of a strong encoding schema on retrieval of both schematic and non-schematic information, as well as false memories for information associated with the schema. Additionally, the separate roles of recollection and familiarity in both veridical and false memory retrieval were examined. The study identified several novel results. First, while many common neural regions mediated both schematic and non-schematic retrieval success, schematic recollection exhibited greater activation in visual cortex and hippocampus, regions commonly shown to mediate detailed retrieval. More effortful cognitive control regions in the prefrontal and parietal cortices, on the other hand, supported non-schematic recollection, while lateral temporal cortices supported familiarity-based retrieval of non-schematic items. Second, both true and false recollection, as well as familiarity, were mediated by activity in left middle temporal gyrus, a region associated with semantic processing and retrieval of schematic gist. Moreover, activity in this region was greater for both false recollection and false familiarity, suggesting a greater reliance on lateral temporal cortices for retrieval of illusory memories, irrespective of memory strength. Consistent with previous false memory studies, visual cortex showed increased activity for true compared to false recollection, suggesting that visual cortices are critical for distinguishing between previously viewed targets and related lures at retrieval. Additionally, the absence of common visual activity between true and false retrieval suggests that, unlike previous studies utilizing visual stimuli, when false memories are predicated on schematic gist and not perceptual overlap, there is little reliance on visual processes during false memory retrieval. Finally, the medial temporal lobe exhibited an interesting dissociation, showing greater activity for true compared to false recollection, as well as for false compared to true familiarity. These results provided an indication as to how different types of items are retrieved when studied within a highly schematic context. Results both replicate and extend previous true and false memory findings, supporting the Fuzzy Trace Theory.

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“…Existe también evidencia sobre memorias falsas desde la neuropsicología, al demostrarse que tanto la imaginería visual como la percepción visual dependen de los mismos mecanismos de control de áreas frontales (Dennis, Bowman, & Turney, 2015;Ganis, Thompson, & Kosslyn, 2004;Jeye, Karanian, & Slotnick, 2017). Asimismo, se ha comprobado que, durante la construcción de eventos imaginarios y la recuperación de eventos reales e imaginarios, se activa una red neuronal que abarca también estructuras asociadas con la memoria autobiográfica como lo son el hipocampo, el giro hipocampal, la corteza restrosplénica, la corteza parietal posterior y la corteza prefrontal ventromedial (Hassabis, Kumaran, & Maguire, 2007).…”

Section: Tabla 1 Los Siete Pecados De La Memoriaunclassified

La fragilidad de la memoria: creencias falsas y memoria autobiográfica, una revisión preliminar

2018

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La memoria es un proceso reconstructivo, donde distintos recuerdos buscan conformar una narrativa autobiográfica coherente. No obstante, dichos recuerdos no son completamente precisos, ya que en diversas investigaciones se ha encontrado que las personas tienden a reportar episodios de su pasado que sucedieron ya sea de manera distinta o que en realidad nunca ocurrieron. Tras considerar a la memoria autobiográfica como el mayor logro ontogenético humano, surge la interrogante respecto a cómo puede suceder un fenómeno tan impreciso como el de las memorias falsas. En el presente estudio teórico se revisa la principal evidencia científica respecto a la existencia de memorias falsas, se analiza su etiología y se profundiza en su posible rol adaptativo.

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Functional Neuroimaging of False Memories

Cited by 23 publications

References 71 publications

The parietal memory network activates similarly for true and associative false recognition elicited via the DRM procedure

The parietal memory network activates similarly for true and associative false recognition elicited via the DRM procedure

What's the gist? The influence of schemas on the neural correlates underlying true and false memories

La fragilidad de la memoria: creencias falsas y memoria autobiográfica, una revisión preliminar

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