Functional organization of the human primary somatosensory cortex: A stereo-electroencephalography study

Sun, Fengqiao; Zhang, Guojun; Ren, Liqiang; Yu, Tao; Ren, Zhiwei; Gao, Runshi; Zhang, Xiaohua

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.032

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The remainder generally involved broad effects on one side of the face that gradually encroached across the midline to affect part of the other side, most often the upper or lower lip ( Figure 2 b). At present, the layout of the human facial region in SI remains poorly understood, especially the representation of the skin surface [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Penfield described ipsilateral/bilateral representation of some oral structures [ 19 ], and in non-human primates, there is substantial evidence for a bilateral map of oral structures in SI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aura Mapping: Where Vision and Somatosensation Meet

Wilkinson

2021

Vision

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While migraine auras are most frequently visual, somatosensory auras are also relatively common. Both are characterized by the spread of activation across a cortical region containing a spatial mapping of the sensory (retinal or skin) surface. When both aura types occur within a single migraine episode, they may offer an insight into the neural mechanism which underlies them. Could they both be initiated by a single neural event, or do the timing and laterality relationships between them demand multiple triggers? The observations reported here were carried out 25 years ago by a group of six individuals with migraine with aura. They timed, described and mapped their visual and somatosensory auras as they were in progress. Twenty-nine episode reports are summarized here. The temporal relationship between the onset of the two auras was quite variable within and across participants. Various forms of the cortical spreading depression hypothesis of migraine aura are evaluated in terms of whether they can account for the timing, pattern of symptom spread and laterality of the recorded auras.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aura Mapping: Where Vision and Somatosensation Meet

Wilkinson

2021

Vision

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“…Contrary to its motor counterpart, the primary somatosensory cortex (hereafter S1) is considered highly topographically organized, with relatively high levels of selectivity within each body part’s representation ( Schieber, 2001 ; Cunningham et al., 2013 ; Huber et al., 2020 ). This perspective over S1 organization arises from a long-lasting mapping tradition, initiated in the 19 th century ( Fritsch and Hitzig, 1870 ; Ferrier, 1873 ; Penfield and Boldrey, 1937 ) and continued since then in electrophysiology ( Merzenich et al., 1978 ; Kaas et al., 1979 ; Baldwin et al., 2017 ), cortical stimulation ( Roux et al., 2018 ; Sun et al., 2021 ), and neuroimaging studies ( Nakamura et al., 1998 ; Germann et al., 2020 ; Saadon-Grosman et al., 2020 ; Willoughby et al., 2021 ). This conventional mapping approach assigns brain function to a given cortical area by selecting the most responsive body part for a set of neurons or voxels in a winner-takes-all manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond body maps: Information content of specific body parts is distributed across the somatosensory homunculus

et al. 2022

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“…In this study, however, electrical stimulation for eliciting SEPs was applied to a different limb from the one with the contracted muscles. The afferent inputs by electrical stimulation and the somatosensory information generated by muscle contractions were sent to distinct areas of the somatosensory cortex, in accordance with the somatotopic organization (Sun et al, 2021). Therefore, it is less likely that the SEP attenuation of the P50‐N70 component resulted from the interference of sensory inputs in the cortical and/or subcortical sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Corticospinal excitability and somatosensory information processing of the lower limb muscle during upper limb voluntary or electrically induced muscle contractions

Kato

Kaneko

Sasaki

et al. 2022

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Neural interactions between upper and lower limbs underlie motor coordination in humans. Specifically, upper limb voluntary muscle contraction can facilitate spinal and corticospinal excitability of the lower limb muscles. However, little remains known on the involvement of somatosensory information in arm‐leg neural interactions. Here, we investigated effects of voluntary and electrically induced wrist flexion on corticospinal excitability and somatosensory information processing of the lower limbs. In Experiment 1, we measured transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)‐evoked motor evoked potentials (MEPs) of the resting soleus (SOL) muscle at rest or during voluntary or neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)‐induced wrist flexion. The wrist flexion force was matched to 10% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). We found that SOL MEPs were significantly increased during voluntary, but not NMES‐induced, wrist flexion, compared to the rest (P < .001). In Experiment 2, we examined somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) following tibial nerve stimulation under the same conditions. The results showed that SEPs were unchanged during both voluntary and NMES‐induced wrist flexion. In Experiment 3, we examined the modulation of SEPs during 10%, 20% and 30% MVC voluntary wrist flexion. During 30% MVC voluntary wrist flexion, P50‐N70 SEP component was significantly attenuated compared to the rest (P = .003). Our results propose that the somatosensory information generated by NMES‐induced upper limb muscle contractions may have a limited effect on corticospinal excitability and somatosensory information processing of the lower limbs. However, voluntary wrist flexion modulated corticospinal excitability and somatosensory information processing of the lower limbs via motor areas.

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Functional organization of the human primary somatosensory cortex: A stereo-electroencephalography study

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Aura Mapping: Where Vision and Somatosensation Meet

Aura Mapping: Where Vision and Somatosensation Meet

Beyond body maps: Information content of specific body parts is distributed across the somatosensory homunculus

Corticospinal excitability and somatosensory information processing of the lower limb muscle during upper limb voluntary or electrically induced muscle contractions

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