“…The second feature was that the columnar grains formed due to the presence of the preferable direction for heat transfer during solidification. As a result, [001] texture appeared that affected the functional properties [5,7,13,15,19,20,22] as it was observed in the NiTi alloys produced by conventional technique [24]. All these factors (chemical composition, texture, and the precipitates) affected the mechanical and functional properties of the NiTi samples produced by WAAM.…”