Functional Psychoses and Social Status

Grünfeld, B; Salvesen, C

doi:10.1192/bjp.114.511.733

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Numerous studies indicate that individuals with low social standards, income and prestige have increased psychiatric morbidity, in particular schizophrenia and vice versa. As regards patients with delusional psychosis these seem to be recruited from the lower social groups too (3, 4, 16,17), as the results of the present study show. During the observation period a slight downlift mobility was demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Social course and outcome of delusional psychosis

Jørgensen¹

1987

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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The purpose of the study was to examine first-admitted patients with delusional psychosis regarding social background, course and outcome. The study was handicapped by the lack of data of social variables as regards population in the catchment area, so comparisons were made with the population in the County and in the Nation. The index population comprised 88 patients. Social variables such as civil state and cohabitation are presented. At admission one-third had been employed continuously during the past year, while one-fourth had had no useful work at all. Significantly more patients were recruited from the lowest social group. Significantly more patients had inadequate social support, and two-thirds met friends less than once a week on an average. Only one-fourth of the patients seemed socially well adjusted and economically self-supporting. At follow-up 2 years later the distribution of the patients as regards useful work, social support, social contacts and social adjustment has significantly changed with more patients now with less useful work and social support, fewer social contacts and increased social maladjustment. The difficulty of interpretation of the findings is stressed but it is concluded that the present psychiatric treatment including social intervention is insufficient to prevent this social downlift mobility during a 2-year observation period as regards patients with delusional psychosis. Further study will search for social predictors of course and outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Social course and outcome of delusional psychosis

Jørgensen¹

1987

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…Dunham (1964) found no significant differences in the mobility patterns of 52 schizophrenics, 69 cases of affective disorder and neurosis, and 54 cases of character disturbance and acting out disorders, but did not have a general population control sample. Griinfeld and Salvesen (1968), using Norwegian census figures to provide expected distributions of social class of patients and of their parents, found that both schizophrenics and reactive psychotics-that is, psychotic reactions in psychopathic individuals-showed a social status decline when compared with fathers, as well as with the expectation for those of same age in the average population. At follow-up, which was at least five years after primary admission, the schizophrenics showed a marked additional social 'down drift' in contrast with the reactive psychotics, who tended to remain almost on the same levels.…”

Section: Comparable Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Social class, parental social class, and social mobility in psychiatric patients and general population controls

Birtchnell¹

1971

Psychol. Med.

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SYNOPSISPrevious studies have suggested that, because of the chronic and disabling nature of mental illness, psychiatric patients do not fare as well in their careers as they should do. In the present study the parental social class, the current social class and the social mobility has been compared in 2,861 male referrals to the psychiatric services in North-Eastern Scotland and 1,487 men randomly selected from the local population. Within the psychiatric sample similar comparisons have been made between diagnostic groups. In all three aspects of social class considered decade of birth was shown to be an important variable.

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“…Although studies examining patients' SES have generally agreed that low SES is associated with higher risk for schizophrenia, studies examining parental or childhood SES have been inconclusive. 1,2 While some studies have indicated that growing up in a low SES environment is associated with increased risk for schizophrenia, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] others have found no such effect, [10][11][12][13][14] and still others have reported that growing up in a high SES environment may be associated with higher risk for schizophrenia [15][16][17][18] (see table 1 for a summary of previous studies which examined childhood SES). The objective of the current study was to address this controversial issue by examining the association between SES and risk of hospitalization for schizophrenia in a large population-based sample of Israeli adolescents assessed by the Israeli military draft board before the onset of illness, then followed for later hospitalization for schizophrenia using a national psychiatric hospitalization registry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Risk of Hospitalization for Schizophrenia, SES, and Cognitive Functioning

Goldberg

Fruchter

Davidson

et al. 2011

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Although most studies find low socioeconomic status (SES) to be associated with prevalence of schizophrenia, incidence studies do not generally support this, and some even report an inverse association. The objective of the current historical prospective study was to examine the relationship between SES, cognitive functioning, and risk of hospitalization for schizophrenia in a population-based sample of Israeli adolescents. Subjects were 811 487 adolescents, assessed by the Israeli military draft board for socio-demographic factors and cognitive functioning. Data on later hospitalization for schizophrenia were obtained from a population-based hospitalization registry. Findings indicated that when simply examining SES and schizophrenia, lower SES was associated with greater risk of hospitalization for schizophrenia (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.193, 95% CI = 1.091-1.303). When dividing the cohort into low, average, and high cognitive functioning, SES did not influence the risk for schizophrenia among individuals with high and average cognitive functioning, whereas among individuals with low cognitive functioning, high SES was found to slightly increase the risk for schizophrenia (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03-1.42). One possible explanation for this finding might be that among individuals from low socioeconomic backgrounds, low IQ may reflect decreased opportunities related to SES, whereas among individuals from high SES backgrounds, low IQ might reflect risk for later psychopathology.

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Functional Psychoses and Social Status

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Social course and outcome of delusional psychosis

Social course and outcome of delusional psychosis

Social class, parental social class, and social mobility in psychiatric patients and general population controls

The Relationship Between Risk of Hospitalization for Schizophrenia, SES, and Cognitive Functioning

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