Functional pulmonary valve regurgitation in the fetus

Abstract

Pulmonary valve regurgitation was functional in all six fetuses.

Prevalence, Spectrum, and Outcome of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Abnormalities in Twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome: A Large, Single-center Experience

“…Out of the total TTTS cohort examined, the prevalence of PA (3.9%) and PS (2.6%) is much higher than reported in the general population (1/12 000 and 1/5300 live births for PA and PS, respectively). 23 In addition, the prevalence of isolated PI (2.1%) is four times that seen in the normal fetus (0.54%) as reported by Smrcek et al 24 The etiology of RVOT abnormalities in TTTS, however, remains speculative. Most patients with RVOT anomalies are Quintero stage III and IV, which suggests that RVOT abnormality is associated with more severe TTTS.…”

Significant Fetal Pulmonary Regurgitation as a Possible Prenatal Sign of Aorto-Pulmonary Window in the Fetus with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

“…Respondek-Liberska/Grądecka/Czichos Fetal functional pulmonary regurgitation, however, may be present at the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy due to either increased resistance in the fetal lungs or to increased blood pressure in the pulmonary trunk [7][8][9]. Different etiologic factors are suspected for fetal pulmonary regurgitation (table 1).…”

“…An isolated functional pulmonary valve regurgitation is a rare event in the tertiary center for fetal cardiology -0.54% according to Smrcek et al [9], and it could be a transient phenomenon.…”

Follow-Up on 107 Fetuses with Normal Us + Echo After 37TH Week of Gestation

“…There were just a few papers focusing on the functional abnormalities in normal heart anatomy, such as: tricuspid valve regurgitation and pulmonary regurgitation. [12][13][14] .…”