Functional Role of RBP in Osteosarcoma: Regulatory Mechanism and Clinical Therapy

Abstract

Malignant bone neoplasms can be represented by osteosarcoma (OS), which accounts for 36% of all sarcomas. To reduce tumor malignancy, extensive efforts have been devoted to find an ideal target from numerous candidates, among which RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have shown their unparalleled competitiveness. With the special structure of RNA-binding domains, RBPs have the potential to establish relationships with RNAs or small molecules and are considered regulators of different sections of RNA processes, including splicing, transport, translation, and degradation of RNAs. RBPs have considerable significant roles in various cancers, and experiments revealed that there was a strong association of RBPs with tumorigenesis and tumor cell progression. Regarding OS, RBPs are a new orientation, but achievements in hand are noteworthy. Higher or lower expression of RBPs was first found in tumor cells compared to normal tissue. By binding to different molecules, RBPs are capable of influencing tumor cell phenotypes through different signaling pathways or other axes, and researches on medical treatment have been largely inspired. Exploring the prognostic and therapeutic values of RBPs in OS is a hotspot where diverse avenues on regulating RBPs have achieved dramatical effects. In this review, we briefly summarize the contribution of RBPs and their binding molecules to OS oncogenicity and generally introduce distinctive RBPs as samples. Moreover, we focus on the attempts to differentiate RBP’s opposite functions in predicting prognosis and collect possible strategies for treatment. Our review provides forwards insight into improving the understanding of OS and suggests RBPs as potential biomarkers for therapies.

RNA Binding Protein PTBP1 Promotes the Metastasis of Gastric Cancer by Stabilizing PGK1 mRNA

“…Recently, there has been accumulating evidence reinforcing the perception that the dysregulation or dysfunction of RBPs can lead to various human diseases, including cancers [12][13][14]. RBPs exert influence over a wide range of cancer-associated cellular phenotypes, including proliferation [15,16], apoptosis [17,18], senescence [19], metastasis [11,20], and angiogenesis [21], thereby contributing to tumor initiation, progression, and clinical prognosis [4].…”

RNA-binding proteins in bone pathophysiology

“…RBPs can cooperate with non-coding RNA and regulates diseases and malignant tumours. In OS HuR binds to high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) and miR-142-3p binds to the 3′UTR of HMGA1 to promote OS cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) while reduce cell apoptosis at the same time ( Que et al, 2023 ).…”