Functional Significance of Parasitism-Induced Suppression of Juvenile Hormone Esterase Activity in Developmentally Delayed Choristoneura fumiferana Larvae

Parasitism and survival rate of Diadegma fenestrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and DfIV gene expression patterns in two lepidopteran hosts

“…Therefore, this finding indicates that D. fenestrale can regulate the developmental period of lepidopteran host for its own survival and their maturation. These host development regulations were controlled by Juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis from parasitoid [25,26] and/or JH esterase (JHE) overexpression from PDV [27]. Until now, we did not analyzed JH and JHE concentration and activity, but JH and/or JHE could be contribute to control the lepidopteran host development for parasitoid.…”

Effects of parasitoid associated factors of the endoparasitoid Glyptapanteles liparidis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

“…Failure of larval or larvalpupal molts and developmental abnormities as observed in our study, may be indications that G. liparidis PDV and venom play a significant role in altering the host's hormone metabolism. It has been shown that parasitoid associated factors from several species can lead to depression of juvenile hormone esterase levels (e.g., Tanaka & Vinson, 1991;Grossniklaus-Bürgin et al, 1998;Cusson et al, 2000) as well as elevated juvenile hormone titers (Grossniklaus-Bürgin et al, 1998;Shelby & Webb, 1999). But also the parasitoid larvae themselves contribute significantly to the hormonal alterations in the host larva (Cole et al, 2002).…”

Quantitative analysis of hemocyte morphological abnormalities associated with Campoletis sonorensis parasitization

“…Virus replication is not observed in parasitized hosts (Strand et al 1992;Theilmann and Summers 1986) although transcription of viral genes occurs in infected cells. Virus infection and expression of polydnavirusencoded proteins is required for successful parasitization and induces pathologies such as altered host development (Cusson et al 2000;Pennacchio et al 1998;Soller and Lanzrein 1996), reduced humoral immunity (Shelby et al 2000), and abrogation of cellular immunity (Cui et al 2000;Strand 1994). …”