Functional sterol improves breast milk quality by modulating the gut microbiota: A proposed opinion for breastfeeding mothers

Manoppo, Jeanette Irene Christiene; Mayulu, Nelly; Gunawan, William Ben; Limen, Gilbert Ansell; Rompies, Ronald; Heroanto, Joko Purnomo; Natanael, Hans; Phan, Sardito; Tanjaya, Krisanto

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.1018153

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Furthermore, fasting has been shown to elicit weight loss and inhibit sterol synthesis in the ileum of guinea pigs (Turley and West, 1976;Langley and Kelly, 1992). These two effects have also been observed in conjunction with alterations in the gut microbiome of other animal species (Jian et al, 2022;Koutoukidis et al, 2022;Le et al, 2022;Manoppo et al, 2022). Hence, based on the aforementioned evidence, it can be argued that the differences in the impact of fasting among guinea pig breeds at different taxonomic levels may be attributed to a potential genetic influence of the host on the cecum microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated by Turley and West ( 1976 ) that a 24-h fasting period can lead to a reduction in sterol synthesis in the ileum of guinea pigs at the age of 4 months. Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of sterols in modulating the composition of gut microbiota, resulting in a range of beneficial health effects (Le et al, 2022 ; Manoppo et al, 2022 ). Additionally, Langley and Kelly ( 1992 ) found that adult guinea pigs, aged 6 months or older, experienced a 9% reduction in body weight following a 48-h fasting period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of fasting effects on the cecum microbiome in three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru

Frias,

Murga Valderrama,

Flores Durand

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Guinea pigs have historically been used as a food source and are also an important model for studying the human intestines. Fasting is the act of temporarily stopping the intake of food. This process can alter the microbiota of various animals. This study is the first to investigate the impact of fasting on the cecum microbiome of three guinea pig breeds. We investigated the impact of fasting on the microbiome population structure in the cecum of three guinea pig breeds. This was done by sequencing and analyzing the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene in bacterial communities found in cecum mucosa samples. To achieve this, we established two treatment groups (fasting and fed), for each of the three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru. The study involved twenty-eight guinea pigs, which were divided into the following groups: Andina-fed (five), Andina-fasting (five), Inti-fed (four), Inti-fasting (five), Peru-fed (five), and Peru-fasting (four). The results indicated a significant difference in beta diversity between the treatment groups for the Peru breed (P-value = 0.049), but not for the treatment groups of the Andina and Inti breeds. The dominant phyla across all groups were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. We observed variations in the abundance of different taxa in the cecum microbiota when comparing the treatment groups for each breed. Additionally, there was a higher number of unique taxa observed in the fasting groups compared to the fed groups. We discovered that the genus Victivallis was the only one present in all fasting groups across all breeds. Despite the findings, the resilience of the gut microbiome was not challenged in all three breeds, which can lead to disruptive changes that may affect the overall maintenance of the cecum microbiome. Based on the observed differences in the treatment groups of the Peru breed, it can be suggested that fasting has a greater impact on this particular breed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of fasting effects on the cecum microbiome in three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru

Frias,

Murga Valderrama,

Flores Durand

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…According to Petrus, one of the stigmasterol components in Katuk leaves is stigmasta-5,22-dien-3β-ol [109], which functions in the same way as cholesterol in the process of steroidogenesis, namely, converting free cholesterol into pregnenolone (precursor of all hormones including those for producing breast milk) [110,111]. Furthermore, sterol has a function in modulating the gut microbiota (Figure 6), hence, it is beneficial for health and could improve breast milk quality [112]. β-sitosterol enhances the variety of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bacteria found in the colostrum, bacterial species that are highly nourishing for infants [112,113].…”

Section: Phytosterol Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Analog Rice Made from Cassava and Banana with the Addition of Katuk Leaf (Sauropus androgynous L. Merr.) and Soy Lecithin for Lactating Women

Mahendradatta,

Assa,

Langkong

et al. 2024

Foods

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The development of analog rice, apart from being an effort to diversify food, also has the potential to be developed as a functional food to fulfill the nutrients needed by a community. Katuk leaf is known for its ability to accelerate the breast milk production of lactating women, which is inseparable from sterol in terms of bioactive content. This study aimed to determine the best formulation of analog rice made from cassava flour, banana flour, Katuk leaf powder, and soy lecithin that was sensorily acceptable, in a shape resembling rice, and able to fulfill the nutritional needs of lactating women. Analog rice was produced using an extruder machine before the physical and sensory properties analyses were carried out, followed by the chemical properties analysis. Formulation C (80% cassava flour, 20% banana flour, 3% Katuk leaf powder, and 0.5% soy lecithin) was obtained as the best or most preferred formulation based on sensory analysis. The resulting grain was oval–round in shape and had a green-brownish color, fluffy texture, and distinct aroma and taste derived from the raw material used. Therefore, this research is expected to support the development of analog rice for providing the main staple food to fulfill lactating women’s nutrition.

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“…Infant gut microbiota develops at birth and breast milk plays a key role in this process [ 59 ]. Several studies have linked changes in dietary habits during pregnancy to alterations in the maternal and in the infant gut microbiota [ 60 , 61 ], and a marked difference between gut microbiota of breast-fed and formula-fed infants has been demonstrated in metagenomic studies [ 11 ], which indicate that the breast-fed infants’ microbiota is less diversified but consists mainly of health-beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, and staphylococci [ 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Apart from the role exerted by its own microbiota, which contributes to a healthy microbial diversification of the gut microbiota of newborns [ 65 , 66 ], the bioactive components of milk, especially oligosaccharides and whey proteins such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, and α-lactalbumin, have been shown to play a crucial role in shaping the gut microbiota from birth to adulthood [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Bioactive Compounds and Gut Microbiota Modulation: The Role of Whey Proteins and Milk Oligosaccharides

Gallo,

Arienzo,

Tomassetti

et al. 2024

Foods

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A strong correlation between the occurrence of various pathological conditions and intestinal dysbiosis is supported by a range of strong evidence. Vice versa, many pathologies have been shown, in turn, to be responsible for alterations in the gut microbiota, a condition that can worsen illness outcomes and response to therapies. For these reasons, great efforts have been made, and studies are still ongoing, to elucidate the mechanisms underlying gut microbiota alterations and to search for pharmacologic or other strategies that can effectively restore the gut microbiota. In this narrative review, we examined the most significant literature on the role of some milk bioactive compounds, such as milk oligosaccharides and whey proteins, in modulating the composition of the gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms of action, with the aim of investigating the impact of the microbiota changes mediated by these milk bioactive molecules on human health, and their potential use as therapeutics to treat or adjuvate the treatment of gut dysbiosis and associated pathologies.

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Functional sterol improves breast milk quality by modulating the gut microbiota: A proposed opinion for breastfeeding mothers

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Comparative analysis of fasting effects on the cecum microbiome in three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru

Comparative analysis of fasting effects on the cecum microbiome in three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru

Development of Analog Rice Made from Cassava and Banana with the Addition of Katuk Leaf (Sauropus androgynous L. Merr.) and Soy Lecithin for Lactating Women

Milk Bioactive Compounds and Gut Microbiota Modulation: The Role of Whey Proteins and Milk Oligosaccharides

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