2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.10.028
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Functional Swallowing Units (FSUs) as organs-at-risk for radiotherapy. PART 1: Physiology and anatomy

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Cited by 24 publications
(22 citation statements)
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References 50 publications
(76 reference statements)
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“…Although not yet clinically validated, the introduction of functional swallowing units (FSUs), defined by hyolaryngeal elevation, tongue base retraction, and tongue motion, is certainly promising. Using these contouring guidelines to mark the delineation of FSUs may reduce toxicity, leading to better outcomes [20,21]. A new randomized control trial is planned to more definitively explore the role of IMRT in reducing dysphagia [22].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although not yet clinically validated, the introduction of functional swallowing units (FSUs), defined by hyolaryngeal elevation, tongue base retraction, and tongue motion, is certainly promising. Using these contouring guidelines to mark the delineation of FSUs may reduce toxicity, leading to better outcomes [20,21]. A new randomized control trial is planned to more definitively explore the role of IMRT in reducing dysphagia [22].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…swollen epiglottis, reduction of pharyngeal contraction, tongue base retraction or hyolaryngeal elevation) [35]. Such management would include swallowing rehabilitation as well as swallowing-sparing radiation strategies focused on specific aspiration-related structures (for instance: floor of mouth/ thyrohyoid muscles in case of reduced hyolaryngeal elevation) [40,45,46,51,52].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The interpterygoid fascia starts from the base of the skull with a medial vector, covering the oval foramen and the sphenoid spine, involving the tympanosquamous suture and the sphenopetrosal fissure [32]. The interpterygoid fascia covers the anterior surface of the styloid process, merging with the styloglossus muscle (part of the extrinsic musculature of the tongue) and with other muscles such as the styloid and stylopharyngeal muscle, the latter two fundamentals for the functioning of the tongue [32][33]. The tensor-vascular styloid fascia (from the lower limit of the tensor veli palatine muscle to the styloid process) laterally covers the styloid prominence and merges, finally, into the fascial network of the internal carotid artery [32].…”
Section: Systemic Myofascial Relationships Of the Five Diaphragms: Pomentioning
confidence: 99%