Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections of<i>Ephrin-A</i><sup>−/−</sup>Mice

Haustead, Daniel; Lukehurst, Sherralee; Clutton, Genevieve; Bartlett, Carole A.; Dunlop, Sarah; Arrese, Catherine A.; Sherrard, Rachel M.; Rodger, Jennifer

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1135-08.2008

Cited by 56 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…2A). An exception was ephrin-A5, which elicited a very strong response but has only minimal expression on injured muscle fibers; we hypothesize that this might be due to potential functional redundancy of ephrin-A5 with ephrin-A2 (Haustead et al, 2008).…”

Section: Muscle Satellite Cells Respond Specifically and Repulsively mentioning

confidence: 96%

Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYDuring development and regeneration, directed migration of cells, including neural crest cells, endothelial cells, axonal growth cones and many types of adult stem cells, to specific areas distant from their origin is necessary for their function. We have recently shown that adult skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells), once activated by isolation or injury, are a highly motile population with the potential to respond to multiple guidance cues, based on their expression of classical guidance receptors. We show here that, in vivo, differentiated and regenerating myofibers dynamically express a subset of ephrin guidance ligands, as well as Eph receptors. This expression has previously only been examined in the context of muscle-nerve interactions; however, we propose that it might also play a role in satellite cell-mediated muscle repair. Therefore, we investigated whether Eph-ephrin signaling would produce changes in satellite cell directional motility. Using a classical ephrin 'stripe' assay, we found that satellite cells respond to a subset of ephrins with repulsive behavior in vitro; patterning of differentiating myotubes is also parallel to ephrin stripes. This behavior can be replicated in a heterologous in vivo system, the hindbrain of the developing quail, in which neural crest cells are directed in streams to the branchial arches and to the forelimb of the developing quail, where presumptive limb myoblasts emigrate from the somite. We hypothesize that guidance signaling might impact multiple steps in muscle regeneration, including escape from the niche, directed migration to sites of injury, cell-cell interactions among satellite cell progeny, and differentiation and patterning of regenerated muscle.

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Section: Muscle Satellite Cells Respond Specifically and Repulsively mentioning

confidence: 96%

Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning

et al. 2011

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“…Similarly, repulsive signalling in axon guidance may provide benefits in patterning axonal projections. In a purely attractive environment, connections would form in the first available ‘attractive’ location, increasing the probability of projection errors as observed in ephrin A -/- mice [65,66]. The presence of repulsive cues may promote growth cone motility and searching within a target region, allowing other processes such as contributions from other guidance cues or activity-dependent mechanisms to come into play.…”

Section: Repulsive Signalling: How and Why?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possibilities include that these proteins may contribute to cortical arealisation in ways that remain to be determined. It is interesting to note that the individual variation in cortical laminar disruption in ephrin triple knockout mice is reminiscent of the defects in axon guidance in the visual system of ephrin A single, double and triple knockout mice, which are detected in only a proportion of animals and affect only some cells [65,66,97,98,99]. This individual variation may reflect the inherent ability of Eph-ephrin signalling to integrate with other molecular cues, as well as with activity-dependent mechanisms [30,100].…”

Section: Eph-ephrin Interactions In Cortical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Ephs and Ephrins in Neuronal Migration

Rodger

Salvatore²,

Migani³

2012

Neurosignals

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In neuroscience, Ephs and ephrins are perhaps best known for their role in axon guidance. It was first shown in the visual system that graded expression of these proteins is instrumental in providing molecular coordinates that define topographic maps, particularly in the visual system, but also in the auditory, vomeronasal and somatosensory systems as well as in the hippocampus, cerebellum and other structures. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the role of these proteins in regulating cell-cell interactions also has an impact on cell mobility, with evidence that Eph-ephrin interactions segregate cell populations based on contact-mediated attraction or repulsion. Consistent with these studies, evidence has accumulated that Ephs and ephrins play important roles in the migration of specific cell populations in the developing and adult brain. This review focusses on two examples of neuronal migration that require Eph/ephrin signalling – radial and tangential migration of neurons in cortical development and the migration of newly generated neurons along the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb in the adult brain. We discuss the challenge involved in understanding how cells determine whether they respond to signals by migration or axon guidance.

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“…For example, in vitro, contralaterally and ipsilaterally projecting axons do not respond differentially to inhibition of EphA signaling (as they do for EphB signaling) (Marcus et al, 2000) and, in vivo, no evidence for abnormal chiasm guidance have been observed in Ephrin-A mutant mice (Feldheim et al, 2000;Haustead et al, 2008). Additionally, the Slit proteins, through their Robo receptors, channel RGC axons into their normal paths and regulate their fasciculation, but normal ipsilateral projections form in the Slit1;Slit2 mutant mice (Plump et al, 2002).…”

Section: Boc Is a Bifunctional Axon Guidance Receptor For Shhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregation of Ipsilateral Retinal Ganglion Cell Axons at the Optic Chiasm Requires the Shh Receptor Boc

Fabre

Shimogori²,

Charron³

2010

J. Neurosci.

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The pattern of contralaterally and ipsilaterally projecting retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons at the optic chiasm is essential for the establishment of binocular vision. Contralateral axons cross the chiasm midline as they progress from the optic nerve to the optic tract. In contrast, ipsilateral axons deviate from the chiasm and continue in the ipsilateral optic tract, avoiding the chiasm midline. The molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not completely understood. Here we show that the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) receptor Boc is enriched in ipsilateral RGCs of the developing retina. Together with the presence of Shh at the midline, this complementary expression pattern led us to hypothesize that Shh might repel ipsilateral RGC axons at the chiasm. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that only Boc-positive RGC axons retract in vitro in response to Shh and that this response is lost in Boc mutant RGCs. In vivo, we show that Boc is required for the normal segregation of ipsilateral axons at the optic chiasm and, conversely, that Boc expression in contralateral RGCs prevents their axons from crossing the optic chiasm. Together, these results suggest that Shh repels ipsilateral RGC axons at the optic chiasm via its receptor Boc. This work identifies a novel molecular pathway required for the segregation of axons at the optic chiasm.

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Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice

Cited by 56 publications

References 52 publications

Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning

Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Ephs and Ephrins in Neuronal Migration

Segregation of Ipsilateral Retinal Ganglion Cell Axons at the Optic Chiasm Requires the Shh Receptor Boc

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Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A−/−Mice

Cited by 56 publications

References 52 publications

Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning

Eph/ephrin interactions modulate muscle satellite cell motility and patterning

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Ephs and Ephrins in Neuronal Migration

Segregation of Ipsilateral Retinal Ganglion Cell Axons at the Optic Chiasm Requires the Shh Receptor Boc

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Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice