Functional Variation of Soluble Polyphenols in Oak Apple Gall and Pomegranate Peels and their Inhibition Activity in Leukaemia K562 Cells

Abstract

The possibility of finding anti-cancer drugs has generated interest in natural products. Several studies have in vitro observed potent anti-cancer properties of pomegranate juice against various cancers including leukemia. Although a few studies have described the bioactivities of hydrolysable tannins extracted from pomegranate juices, limited attention has been paid to other tannins extracted from different parts of a plant. Recently, polyphenols, which are found in plants, have become the most studied phytochemicals owing to their significant chemical properties and biological activities. Tannin is an astringent plant polyphenolic compound and has been observed to have anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. This study uses a novel approach to study variation in the structure of hydrolysable tannins from two different types of plants and their inhibition activity in leukemia K562 cells. We examined data showing anti-proliferation activity of hydrolysable tannins extracted from pomegranate peels within two concentrations of 1 mg/ml and 100 µg/ml. Hydrolysable tannin extracted from oak apple gall induces different effects than that extracted from pomegranate tannin. At the highest concentration of 100 µg/ml, the tannin from oak apple gall did not have any noticeable effects on cells, whereas at the highest concentration of 1 mg/ml, cell cycle arrest seemed to have occurred after 72 h of treatment. This most likely led to senescence caused by overstimulation of the cells by specific polyphenols compounds in oak apple gall, which affected the cells either directly or indirectly by changing the culture's environment.

Effect of Adding with Organic Nutrient (Complex-Groop) and Spraying with Kinetin on Some Characteristics of Vegetative Growth and Yield of Pomegranate Trees Punica granatum L. Cv. Salimi

“…It is believed that the original home of the pomegranate is the Arabian Peninsula or Iran and it spread during the Roman civilization in the Mediterranean basin and was introduced to America by the traveler Christopher Columbus in 1500 AD and entered Spain through the Arab conquest [1,2]. Pomegranate seeds contain carbohydrates, especially sugars by 0.16%, protein by 0.5%, citric acid by 1.1%, fatty substances by 0.3%, acids, fiber, vitamin C and many nutrients, the peel of the fruits also contains tannin by 20-30%, which is an astringent, so it is used in the treatment of diarrhea and in leather tanning [3,4]. Pomegranate trees grow in arid and semiarid regions.…”