Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes for Biocompatibility and Biomolecular Recognition

Shim, Moonsub; Kam, Nadine Wong Shi; Chen, Robert J.; Li, Yiming; Dai, Hongjie

doi:10.1021/nl015692j

Cited by 888 publications

(597 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The modifications of CNTs have been extensively investigated because of their relevance in electrical, mechanical and biological applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Immobilization of various functional molecules on CNT has also been examined in past studies [9][10][11][12]. For biomedical applications, new modification methods to give biocompatibility are needed for achievement of various required designs [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apatite formation on carbon nanotubes

Akasaka

Watari

Sato

et al. 2006

Materials Science and Engineering: C

123

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Apatite coating on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was done with a biomimetic coating method. The multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) of curled shape with about 30 nm in diameter were immersed for 2 weeks in the simulated body fluid. Observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the formation of apatite on the MWNTs surface. The clusters of spherules consisting of needle shape of apatite crystallites were massively grown on the aggregated MWNTs.The crystallites of 100 nm in width and 200-500 nm in length were grown perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction and radially originating from a common center of a single MWNT. Thus the architecture of crystalline apatite at nano-scale levels could be produced by simple method and the MWNT may be acting as core for initial crystallization of apatite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apatite formation on carbon nanotubes

Akasaka

Watari

Sato

et al. 2006

Materials Science and Engineering: C

123

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“…[7][8][9] However, for a more complete understanding about single-walled carbon nanotubes and also for many of their potential applications, functionalization and solubilization of nanotubes are required. Different approaches have been used to address this issue, [10][11][12][13][14] making it possible to carry out solution chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Detection

et al. 2005

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Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were effectively dispersed and functionalized by wrapping with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The ssDNA-SWNTs attach strongly on glass substrate and easily form a uniform film, making it possible for electrochemical analysis and sensing. The film was fabricated into a working electrode, which exhibited good electrochemical voltammetric properties, such as flat and wide potential window, well-defined quasi-reversible voltammetric responses, and quick electron transfer for a Fe(CN) 6 3-/Fe(CN) 6 4 system, indicating that the ssDNA-SWNTs film should be a good analytical electrode for electrochemical detection or sensing. This was demonstrated by highly selective and sensitive detection of a low concentration of dopamine in the presence of excess ascorbic acid.

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“…Carbon nanotubes can also be filled with biological molecules, giving rise to the possibilities of applications in biotechnology. 7 Encapsulation of various metals in multiwalled carbon nanotubes ͑MWCNTs͒ provides opportunities to study the physical properties of nanowires and nanoparticles of these metals. 6,8 Magnetic metal nanowires, encapsulated inside multiwalled carbon nanotubes, constitute an active and attractive field of research, 9 as these are promising materials for use in nanodevices and in the magnetic storage industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure-induced phase transitions in cobalt-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2006

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High-pressure structural properties of cobalt nanowires encapsulated in multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been investigated up to a pressure of ϳ38 GPa at room temperature. Our x-ray diffraction measurements show that cobalt, which exists in the face-centered-cubic ͑fcc͒ phase at ambient conditions in the carbon nanotubes, transforms irreversibly to a hexagonal close-packed ͑hcp͒ structure at ϳ9 GPa. In comparison with the bulk Co, the compressibility of the fcc phase in nanowires is found to be similar to that of the high-pressure fcc phase ͓Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4132 ͑2000͔͒ and the hcp phase is slightly less compressible than the bulk. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes that encapsulate the cobalt nanowires do not undergo any other structural transformation with pressure except partial reversible amorphization beyond 9 GPa. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.184119 PACS number͑s͒: 61.46.Ϫw INTRODUCTIONCarbon nanotubes show fascinating properties such as high strength, discrete electronic states, and structural helicity, etc., for which these are usefully employed in miniature devices, e.g., scanning probes, 1 electronic transistors, 2,3 field-emitting devices, 4,5 in nanofluidic industry, 6 etc. Carbon nanotubes can also be filled with biological molecules, giving rise to the possibilities of applications in biotechnology. 7 Encapsulation of various metals in multiwalled carbon nanotubes ͑MWCNTs͒ provides opportunities to study the physical properties of nanowires and nanoparticles of these metals. 6,8 Magnetic metal nanowires, encapsulated inside multiwalled carbon nanotubes, constitute an active and attractive field of research, 9 as these are promising materials for use in nanodevices and in the magnetic storage industry. In addition, recently these are also being considered as potential candidates for spintronics. 10 In fact, materials, when encapsulated inside carbon nanotubes, show interesting physical and structural properties that could be much different than their bulk counterparts. 11,12 Our previous high-pressure structural investigations on iron-filled carbon nanotubes showed several remarkable features of nanowires and the nanotubes. 12 High-pressure structural studies showed that the filled mutiwalled carbon nanotubes, unlike pristine tubes, show sudden polygonization at a pressure at which the interfacial part of the nanowires ͑Fe 3 C͒ also underwent an isostructural phase transition. As both transitions occur at the same pressure, the transformation mechanism remained unclear. Also the compressibilities of both components of the nanowires, viz. Fe 3 C and ␣-Fe, are found to be enhanced. So to understand the driving force and the mechanism for these coincident phase transitions, it is necessary to undertake careful studies on MWCNTs filled with some other similar metals. Recently, single-crystalline cobalt nanowires ͑having an aspect ratio ϳ100͒, encapsulated in MWCNTs, have been synthesized by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition ͑MPCVD͒ technique. 13 At ambient conditions, facilitated by energy minimiz...

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Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes for Biocompatibility and Biomolecular Recognition

Cited by 888 publications

References 19 publications

Apatite formation on carbon nanotubes

Apatite formation on carbon nanotubes

DNA Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Detection

Pressure-induced phase transitions in cobalt-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

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