Functionalized boron nanosheets as an intelligent nanoplatform for synergistic low-temperature photothermal therapy and chemotherapy

Abstract

<p>In this work, an innovative boron-based multifunctional nanoplatform was developed for synergistic chemotherapy/photothermal therapy.</p>

2D boron nanosheet architectonics: opening new territories by smart functionalization

“…Generally, there are three effective routes to introduce functionalization: (i) topdown synthesis of boron nanosheets using a liquid/gas phase exfoliation method; (ii) bottom-up chemical vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy in a certain atmosphere; (iii) ligand exchange aer obtaining boron nanosheets. 15,[43][44][45][46]…”

“…5(c)]. 45,87,88 The successful surface functionalization by the PEG group and LPE method was identied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 87 The number of PEG groups has signicant effects on their photo-thermal efficiency.…”

Recent advancement in biomedical applications on the surface of two-dimensional materials: from biosensing to tissue engineering

“…Another 2D material that has been drawing attention as an ideal candidate for drug delivery is h-BN, which possesses many beneficial properties including surface chemical inertness, hierarchical surface porosity, high specific surface area, low toxicity, and high thermal conductivity. 129 Fu, Z. et al, 226 took advantage of the unique properties of h-BN to develop a multifunctional nanoplatform, co-carrying DOX and the heat shock protein inhibitor 17AAG, which can kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth at relatively low temperatures. The high surface area of h-BN allowed high density functionalization with the cRGD peptide to target the αvβ3 integrin, which is over-expressed in the cells of tumors.…”

Mitochondria-targeted accumulation of oxygen-irrelevant free radicals for enhanced synergistic low-temperature photothermal and thermodynamic therapy

“…Generally, PTT heavily depends on a high power intensity near-infrared laser (NIR) irradiation to ensure therapeutic efficacy, which inevitably damages the nearby normal tissues [ 3 ]. Recently, developing a PTT strategy with relatively low temperatures (< 45 °C) to realize effective tumor destruction can be very important for clinical translation in the future [ 4 , 5 ]. However, the therapeutic effect is still unsatisfying when applying low-temperature PTT (LPTT) alone, which is ascribed to inducible heat resistance of cancer cells, poor penetration of exogenous light stimulation, and low accumulation of photothermal agents in tumor sites [ 6 ].…”